cardiotomskСибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медициныSiberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine2713-29272713-265XTSU publishing10.29001/2073-8552-2020-35-3-151-159cardiotomsk-1054Research ArticleОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ И ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕHEALTHCARE AND PUBLIC HEALTHОсобенности питания населения в зависимости от социально-экономических условийFeatures of nutrition in the population depending on socioeconomic conditionshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6136-0518ЦыганковаД. П.TsygankovaD. P.

Цыганкова Дарья Павловна, кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник, лаборатория эпидемиологии сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний

650002, Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, 6

Darya P. Tsygankova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Research Scientist, Laboratory of Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases

6, Sosnoviy blvd., Kemerovo, 650002, Russian Federation

arjapavlovna2014@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-2586МаксимовС. А.MaksimovS. A.

Максимов Сергей Алексеевич, доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, лаборатория эпидемиологии сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний

101990, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3

 

Sergey A. Maksimov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Leading Research Scientist, Laboratory of Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases

10, Petroverigskiy lane, Moscow, 101990, Russian Federation

m1979sa@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2170-1821КуракинМ. С.KurakinM. S.

Куракин Михаил Сергеевич, доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры технологии и организации общественного питания

650000, Кемерово, ул. Красная, 6

Mikhail S. Kurakin, Dr. Sci. (Tech.), Professor, Department of Technology and Organization of Public Catering

6, Krasnaya str., Kemerovo, 650000, Russian Federation

kurakin1979@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6911-6568ИндукаеваЕ. В.IndukaevaE. V.

Индукаева Елена Владимировна, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория эпидемиологии сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний

650002, Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, 6

Elena V. Indukaeva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Scientist, Laboratory of Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases

6, Sosnoviy blvd., Kemerovo, 650002, Russian Federation

cigadp@kemcardio.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2279-3307АртамоноваГ. В.ArtamonovaG. V.

Артамонова Галина Владимировна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий отделом оптимизации медицинской помощи при сердечно-сосудистых заболеваниях, заместитель директора научной работе

650002, Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, 6; 650056, Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, 22а

Galina V. Artamonova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department for Optimization of Medical Care for Cardiovascular Diseases, Deputy Director of Scientific Research

6, Sosnoviy blvd., Kemerovo, 650002, Russian Federation

cigadp@kemcardio.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-3610БарбарашО. Л.BarbarashO. L.

Барбараш Ольга Леонидовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, чл.-корр. РАН, директор Научно-исследовательского института комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний; заведующий кафедрой кардиологии и сердечно-сосудистой хирургии

650002, Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, 6

Olga L. Barbarash, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director of Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases; Head of Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kemerovo State University

6, Sosnoviy blvd., Kemerovo, 650002, 22a, Voroshilova str., Kemerovo, 650056

olb61@mail.ruНаучно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеванийРоссияResearch Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular DiseasesRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр профилактической медицины Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияNational Medical Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationRussian FederationКемеровский государственный университетРоссияKemerovo State UniversityRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний; Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияResearch Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases; Kemerovo State UniversityRussian Federation202017102020353151159Copyright © Цыганкова Д.П., Максимов С.А., Куракин М.С., Индукаева Е.В., Артамонова Г.В., Барбараш О.Л., 20202020Цыганкова Д.П., Максимов С.А., Куракин М.С., Индукаева Е.В., Артамонова Г.В., Барбараш О.Л.Tsygankova D.P., Maksimov S.A., Kurakin M.S., Indukaeva E.V., Artamonova G.V., Barbarash O.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/1054Введение

Введение. Последние данные свидетельствуют о том, что качество питания населения связано с его социальноэкономическим статусом. При этом в уязвимых группах населения имеется высокая смертность от алиментарнозависимых заболеваний. Выявление особенностей рациона в зависимости от статуса населения позволит наметить пути эффективной профилактики.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Обследованы 1600 человек в возрасте 35–70 лет. Всем участникам проводился опрос с целью выяснения уровня образования, доходов, состава семьи. Характер питания оценивался с помощью опросника Food Frequency Questionnaire. Статистическая обработка проведена с применением STATISTICA 6.0.

Результаты

Результаты. Женщины в большей степени, чем мужчины предпочитали фрукты (32,0 [16,0–1744] балла, ИР = 10,0, р = 0,000) и овощи (74,0 [34,0–190,0], ИР = 23,0, р = 0,000), злаки (16,0 [7,0–32,0], ИР = 6,0, р = 0,000). С возрастом увеличивалось потребление вышеуказанных групп продуктов. Городские жители по сравнению с сельскими чаще предпочитали фрукты (59,0 [24,0–135,0] баллов, ИР = 20, р = 0,028), безалкогольные напитки (24,0 [10,0–41,0] балла, ИР = 6, р = 0,005). Лица с высшим образованием чаще употребляли следующие группы продуктов: крупы/злаки (16,0 [7,0-30,0] баллов, ИР = 6, р = 0,000), орехи (2,0 [1,0–7,0] балла, ИР = 2, р = 0,000), алкогольные и безалкогольные напитки (29,0 [13,0–50,0], ИР = 6, р = 0,000). Респонденты с высоким доходом чаще предпочитали фрукты (60,0 [24,0–124,0] баллов, ИР = 19, р = 0,001), овощи (92,0 [42,0–171,0] балла, ИР = 28, р = 0,047), продукты животного происхождения (47,0 [23,0–112,0] баллов, ИР = 13, р = 0,005), алкогольные и безалкогольные напитки (29,0 [13,0–50,0] баллов, ИР = 6,5, р = 0,000). Обследованные, проживающие в семье, чаще потребляли фрукты (58,0 [24,0–1782,0], ИР = 19, р = 0,038), овощи (92,0 [40,0–232,0], ИР = 29, р = 0,001), продукты животного происхождения (47,0 [21,0–112,0] баллов, ИР = 12, р = 0,000), картофель и злаки (40,0 [16,0–69,0] баллов, ИР = 9, р = 0,000), безалкогольные и алкогольные напитки (28,0 [10,0–50,0], ИР = 6, р = 0,000).

Выводы

Выводы. Городское население с высоким уровнем доходов и образования, наличием семьи, а также женщины и представители старшей возрастной группы чаще включали в свой рацион фрукты, овощи и злаки, чем респонденты, проживающие в сельской местности, с низким уровнем доходов и образования или отсутствием семьи.

AbstractIntroduction

Introduction. Recent evidence suggests that the quality of nutrition in the population is related to socioeconomic status. Besides, the mortality rate from alimentary-dependent diseases is high in the socioeconomically vulnerable groups of the population. Identifying the characteristics of diet depending on the socio-economic status of the population will help to establish effective ways for disease prevention and potentially reduce mortality rates.

Material and Methods

Material and Methods. A total of 1,600 people aged 35–70 were surveyed to determine the education level, income, and family composition. The nature of nutrition was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire, adapted for the Russianspeaking population. Statistical data analysis was performed using Statistica 6.0 software.

Results

Results. Women preferred more fruits (score 32.0 [16.0-1744], QR = 10.0, p = 0.000), vegetables (74.0 [34.0–190.0] points, QR = 23.0, p = 0.000), and cereals (16.0 [7.0–32.0] points, QR = 6.0, p = 0.000) compared with men. The consumption of above-mentioned food groups increased with age. Urban residents more often preferred fruits (59.0 [24.0–135.0] points, QR = 20, p = 0.028) and soft drinks (24.0 [10.0–41.0] points, QR = 6, p = 0.005) compared with rural residents. People with higher education more often consumed the following food groups: cereals/porridge (16.0 [7.0–30.0] points, QR = 6, p = 0.000), nuts (2.0 [1.0–7.0] points, QR = 2, p = 0.000), and alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages (29.0 [13.0–50.0] points, QR = 6, p = 0.000). High-income respondents more often preferred fruits (60.0 [24.0–124.0] points, QR = 19, p = 0.001), vegetables (92.0 [42.0–171.0] points, QR = 28, p = 0.047), animal products (47.0 [23.0–112.0] points, QR = 13, p = 0.005), and alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages (29.0 [13.0–50.0] points, QR = 6.5, p = 0.000). Surveyed persons living with a family more often consumed fruits (58.0 [24.0–1782.0] points, QR = 19, p = 0.038), vegetables (92.0 [40.0–232.0] points, QR = 29, p = 0.001), animal products (47.0 [21.0–112.0] points, QR = 12, p = 0.000), potatoes and cereals (40.0 [16.0–69.0] points, QR = 9, p = 0.000), and non-alcoholic and alcoholic beverages (28.0 [10.0–50.0] points, QR = 6, p = 0.000).

Conclusion

Conclusion. The urban population with high income, high education level, and living with family as well as women and representatives of older age group more often consumed fruits, vegetables, and cereals in their diet compared with the rural population had low income, low education level, or lack of family.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.