cardiotomskСибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медициныSiberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine2713-29272713-265XTSU publishing10.29001/2073-8552-2021-36-2-14-22cardiotomsk-1186Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESАтеросклероз. Макрофаги. Вирусные инфекцииAtherosclerosis. Macrophages. Viral infectionshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4358-7329РябовВ. В.RyabovV. V.

Рябов Вячеслав Валерьевич, д-р мед. наук, заместитель директора по научной и лечебной работе, заведующий отделением неотложной кардиологии; доцент, заведующий кафедрой кардиологии; ведущий научный сотрудник, лаборатория трансляционной и клеточной биомедицины

634012, Российская Федерация, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а

634050, Российская Федерация, Томск, Московский тракт, 2

634050, Российская Федерация, Томск, пр. Ленина, 36

Vyacheslav V. Ryabov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Emergency Cardiology; Senior Lecturer, Cardiology Department, Continuous Medical Education Faculty; Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine

111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012, Russian Federation

2, Moskovsky tract, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation

36, Lenin ave., Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation

rvvt@cardio-tomsk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0903-0102АлексееваЯ. В.AlekseevaYa. V.

Алексеева Яна Валерьевна, врач-кардиолог, отделение неотложной кардиологии; ассистент кафедры кардиологии

634012, Российская Федерация, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а

634050, Российская Федерация, Томск, Московский тракт, 2

Yana V. Alekseeva, Cardiologist, Department of Emergency Cardiology; Assistant Professor, Cardiology Department, Continuous Medical Education Faculty

111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012, Russian Federation

2, Moskovsky tract, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation

Marckova.Yanochka@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1281-3714ГомбожаповаА. Э.GombozhapovaA. E.

Гомбожапова Александра Энхэевна, младший научный сотрудник, врач-кардиолог, отделение неотложной кардиологии; ассистент кафедры кардиологии

634012, Российская Федерация, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а

634050, Российская Федерация, Томск, Московский тракт, 2

Aleksandra E. Gombozhapova, Junior Research Scientist, Cardiologist, Department of Emergency Cardiology; Assistant Professor, Cardiology Department, Continuous Medical Education Faculty

111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012, Russian Federation

2, Moskovsky tract, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation

gombozhapova@gmail.comСоколоваЯ. В.SokolovaYa. V.

Соколова Яна Витальевна, ординатор, лаборант-исследователь, отделение неотложной кардиологии

634012, Российская Федерация, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а

Yana V. Sokolova, Medical Resident, Research Assistant, Department of Emergency Cardiology

111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012, Russian Federation

yasokol.ys@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7011-4316КарповР. С.KarpovR. S.

Карпов Ростислав Сергеевич, д-р мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН, руководитель научного направления, научныйруководитель; профессор кафедры факультетской терапии

634012, Российская Федерация, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а

634050, Российская Федерация, Томск, Московский тракт, 2

Rostislav S. Karpov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Science Head; Professor, Faculty Therapy Department

111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012, Russian Federation

2, Moskovsky tract, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation

karpov@cardio-tomsk.ruНаучно-исследовательский институт кардиологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук; Сибирский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университетРоссияCardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences; Siberian State Medical University; National Research Tomsk State UniversityRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт кардиологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук; Сибирский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияCardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences; Siberian State Medical UniversityRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт кардиологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наукРоссияCardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2021300620213621422Copyright © Рябов В.В., Алексеева Я.В., Гомбожапова А.Э., Соколова Я.В., Карпов Р.С., 20212021Рябов В.В., Алексеева Я.В., Гомбожапова А.Э., Соколова Я.В., Карпов Р.С.Ryabov V.V., Alekseeva Y.V., Gombozhapova A.E., Sokolova Y.V., Karpov R.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/1186

Появление новой коронавирусной инфекции обострило актуальность существующих вопросов и привело к появлению новых, связанных с влиянием вирусов на атеросклеротический процесс и развитие сердечно-сосудистых осложнений. Как известно, атеросклероз является многофакторным, липид-контролируемым системным воспалительным процессом. Известен ряд вирусов, ассоциированных с поддержанием воспаления за счет долгосрочной персистенции и репликации вирусов в макрофагах, что изменяет их пластичность. Используя различные механизмы воздействия на макрофаги, вирусы могут вызывать проатерогенный цитокиновый ответ. Недостаточно данных относительно влияния вирусных инфекций на изменение пластичности моноцитов/макрофагов и возможностей контроля воспаления в атерогенезе. Сохраняется вопрос является ли причинной или ассоциативной связь между вирусными заболеваниями и атеросклерозом. В данном обзоре мы обобщаем и анализируем связанные с вирусами механизмы, способствующие развитию атеросклероза.

The emergence of new COVID-19 infection aggravated the existing issues and gave rise to new challenges associated with the impact of viruses on the atherosclerotic process and development of cardiovascular complications. Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disease and its progression is largely determined by dyslipidemia and chronic low-grade systemic vascular inflammation. There are a number of viruses known to be involved in maintaining the inflammatory state through the prolonged viral persistence and replication in the macrophages whose plasticity changes due to the infection. The viruses can trigger the pro-atherogenic cytokine response through the diverse macrophage-dependent mechanisms. There is lack of data regarding impact of viral infections on the monocyte/macrophage plasticity and possible control of inflammation in atherogenesis. It is still unclear whether the relationships between the viral diseases and atherosclerosis are causal or merely associative. In this review, we summarize and critically analyze the current state of knowledge regarding the virus-related mechanisms promoting atherosclerosis.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.