<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2713-2927</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-265X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>TSU publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29001/2073-8552-2022-37-4-38-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiotomsk-1554</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Определение времени максимального риска летального исхода и ассоциированных с ним факторов в стационаре и после выписки у больных с COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Determining the time of maximum risk of death and associated factors in patients with COVID-19 in the hospital and after discharge</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-9202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лакман</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lakman</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лакман Ирина Александровна, канд. техн. наук, заведующий лабораторией исследования социально-экономических проблем регионов</p><p>450076, Уфа, ул. З. Валиди, 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Lakman, Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Head of the Laboratory for the Study of Socio-Economic Problems of the Regions</p><p>32, Zaki Validi str., Ufa, 450076</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lackmania@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-2164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ласынова</surname><given-names>Г. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lasynova</surname><given-names>G. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ласынова Гульназ Хайбулловна, аспирант, кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p><p>450008, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gulnaz Kh. Lasynova, Post-Graduate Student, Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p><p>3, Lenina str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lasynova1987@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0896-6128</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гиматова</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gimatova</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гиматова Регина Рустэмовна, магистрант</p><p>450008, Уфа, ул. Карла Маркса, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Regina R. Gimatova, Master's Student</p><p>12, Karla Marksa str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gimatovaaa.r@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1874-8661</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гареева</surname><given-names>Д. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gareeva</surname><given-names>D. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гареева Диана Фирдависовна, канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p><p>450008, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Diana F. Gareeva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Cardiologist, Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p><p>3, Lenina str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.f.gareeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5972-6418</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давтян</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davtyan</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Давтян Паруйр Артакович, ассистент, кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p><p>450008, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Paruyr A. Davtyan, Assistant Professor, Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p><p>3, Lenina str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">davtyanparuir@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1004-0722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимирьянова</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timiryanova</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимирьянова Венера Маратовна, д-р экон. наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>450076, Уфа, ул. З. Валиди, 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Venera M. Timiryanova, Dr. Sci. (Economy), Senior Research Scientist</p><p>32, Zaki Validi str., Ufa, 450076</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">79174073127@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8959-2740</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Идрисова</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Idrisova</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Идрисова Алина Ильшатовна, студент</p><p>450008, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina I. Idrisova, Medical Student</p><p>3, Lenina str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.alinaidrisova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2386-6707</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загидуллин</surname><given-names>Н. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagidullin</surname><given-names>N. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Загидуллин Науфаль Шамилевич, д-р мед. наук, профессор, директор Научно-исследовательского института кардиологии; заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней, Башкирский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</p><p>450076, Уфа, ул. З. Валиди, 32450008, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Naufal Sh. Zagidullin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director of the Research Institute of Cardiology; Head of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University</p><p>32, Zaki Validi str., Ufa, 4500763, Lenina str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">znaufal@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уфимский государственный авиационный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa State Aviation Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный университет; Башкирский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State University; Bashkir State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>37</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лакман И.А., Ласынова Г.Х., Гиматова Р.Р., Гареева Д.Ф., Давтян П.А., Тимирьянова В.М., Идрисова А.И., Загидуллин Н.Ш., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лакман И.А., Ласынова Г.Х., Гиматова Р.Р., Гареева Д.Ф., Давтян П.А., Тимирьянова В.М., Идрисова А.И., Загидуллин Н.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lakman I.A., Lasynova G.K., Gimatova R.R., Gareeva D.F., Davtyan P.A., Timiryanova V.M., Idrisova A.I., Zagidullin N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/1554">https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/1554</self-uri><abstract><p>В связи с достаточно специфическим течением COVID-19 актуальным представляется вопрос, на какой день после начала госпитализации следует ожидать максимальный риск летального исхода у больных как во время госпитализации, так и после выписки.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: определение времени максимального риска летального исхода во время госпитализации пациентов с COVID-19, а также после выписки из стационара.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Ретроспективно были исследованы 2410 пациентов, госпитализированных с диагнозом COVID-19. Летальность до 28 дней нахождения в стационаре составила 131 пациент, а смертность после выписки из стационара в период до 28 дней после выписки – 9. Для определения времени максимального риска летального исхода после госпитализации пациентов с COVID-19, а также после выписки из стационара в период до 28 дней использовали математическую модель ускоренной жизни (AFT).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Без учета влияния патологических значений других факторов риска летальный исход у пациентов наступает на 9-11-й день от начала госпитализации. Возраст старше 60 лет, повышенные значения Д-димера, глюкозы, мочевины, креатинина, АСТ и С-реактивного белка являлись факторами риска (p &lt; 0,01), укорачивающими время до летального исхода, кроме общего белка, который удлинял данный период. Максимальный риск смерти у пациентов после выписки из стационара наступал на 13-25-й день, причем повышение креатинина и уменьшение МНО были ассоциированы с меньшим временем до смерти.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Определены периоды максимального риска смерти при госпитализации больных с COVID-19 как в стационаре (9-11 дней), так и после выписки из него (13-25 дней), а также факторы, влияющие на данные периоды. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Due to the rather specific course of COVID-19, the question of what day after the start of hospitalization should be expected to be the maximum risk of death in patients both during hospitalization and after discharge is relevant.</p><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the time of maximum risk of death during hospitalization of patients with COVID-19 as well as after their discharge from the hospital.</p><p>Methodology and Research Methods. A total of 2,410 patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of COVID-19 were retrospectively studied. Inhospital 28-day mortality rate was 131 patients, and 28-day mortality rate after discharge from the hospital was 9. The accelerated failure time model (AFT) was used to determine the time of maximum risk of death in patients with COVID-19 after hospitalization as well as after discharge from the hospital during the period up to 28 days.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Without taking into account the influence of pathological values of other risk factors, lethal outcomes in patients occurred on days 9-11 after admission to hospital. Age over 60 years and the elevated levels of D-dimer, glucose, urea, creatinine, AST, and C-reactive protein were the risk factors (p &lt; 0.01) that shortened the time to death, except for total protein, which lengthened this period. The maximum risk of death in patients after discharge from the hospital occurred on days 13-25, and an increase in creatinine and a decrease in INR were associated with a shorter time to death.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The periods of maximum risk of death as well as the factors affecting these periods in patients with COVID-19 were determined for both hospital stay (days 9-11) and time after discharge from hospital (days 13-25).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>постковидный период</kwd><kwd>максимальный риск смерти</kwd><kwd>госпитальная смертность</kwd><kwd>отдаленная смертность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>long-term COVID-19</kwd><kwd>maximum risk of death</kwd><kwd>hospital mortality</kwd><kwd>long-term mortality</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке гранта РНФ № 22-18-20123 «Методика оценки глобального экономического бремени болезни с учетом отдаленных последствий для здоровья и качества жизни населения (на примере новой коронавирусной инфекции)».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant "Methodology for assessing the global economic burden of the disease, taking into account long-term consequences for the health and quality of life of the population (on the example of a new coronavirus infection)" No. 22-18-20123.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shi Sh., Qin M., Shen B., Cai Y., Liu T., Yang F. et al. Association of сardiac injury with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Cardiol. 2020;5(7):802–810. DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.0950.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shi Sh., Qin M., Shen B., Cai Y., Liu T., Yang F. et al. Association of сardiac injury with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Cardiol. 2020;5(7):802–810. DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.0950.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Figliozzi S., Masci P.G., Ahmadi N., Tondi L., Koutli E., Aimo A. et al. Predictors of adverse prognosis in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 2020;50(10):e13362. DOI: 101111/eci.3362.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Figliozzi S., Masci P.G., Ahmadi N., Tondi L., Koutli E., Aimo A. et al. Predictors of adverse prognosis in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 2020;50(10):e13362. DOI: 101111/eci.3362.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chowdhury M.E.H., Rahman T., Khandakar A., Al-Madeed S., Zughaier S.M., Doi S.A.R. et al. An early warning tool for predicting mortality risk of COVID-19 patients using machine learning. Cognit. Comput. 2021;1–16. DOI: 10.1007/s12559-020-09812-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chowdhury M.E.H., Rahman T., Khandakar A., Al-Madeed S., Zughaier S.M., Doi S.A.R. et al. An early warning tool for predicting mortality risk of COVID-19 patients using machine learning. Cognit. Comput. 2021;1–16. DOI: 10.1007/s12559-020-09812-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yadaw A.S., Li Y.C., Bose S., Iyengar R., Bunyavanich S., Pandey G. Clinical features of COVID – 19 mortality: development and validation of a clinical prediction model. Lancet Digit. Health. 2020;2(10):e516–e525. DOI: 10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30217-X.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yadaw A.S., Li Y.C., Bose S., Iyengar R., Bunyavanich S., Pandey G. Clinical features of COVID – 19 mortality: development and validation of a clinical prediction model. Lancet Digit. Health. 2020;2(10):e516–e525. DOI: 10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30217-X.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bushman D., Davidson A., Pathela P., Greene S.K., Weiss D., Reddy V. et al. Risk factors for death among hospitalized patients aged 21–64 years diagnosed with COVID-19-ew York City, March 13 – April 9, 2020. J. Racial. Ethn. Health Disparities. 2021;9(4):1584–1599. DOI: 10.1007/s40615-021-01098-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bushman D., Davidson A., Pathela P., Greene S.K., Weiss D., Reddy V. et al. Risk factors for death among hospitalized patients aged 21–64 years diagnosed with COVID-19-ew York City, March 13 – April 9, 2020. J. Racial. Ethn. Health Disparities. 2021;9(4):1584–1599. DOI: 10.1007/s40615-021-01098-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Allenbach Y., Saadoun D., Maalouf G., Vieira M., Hellio A., Boddaert J. et al. Development of a multivariate prediction model of intensive care unit transfer or death: A French prospective cohort study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Observational Study. PLoS One. 2020;15(10):e0240711. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240711.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Allenbach Y., Saadoun D., Maalouf G., Vieira M., Hellio A., Boddaert J. et al. Development of a multivariate prediction model of intensive care unit transfer or death: A French prospective cohort study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Observational Study. PLoS One. 2020;15(10):e0240711. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240711.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лакман И.А., Мусин Т.И., Галиуллина А.Р., Багманова З.А., Гумеров Р.М., Давтян П.А. и др. Факторы риска перевода больных с COVID-9 на искусственную вентиляцию легких в ретроспективном нерандомизированном исследовании. Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук. 2022;77(1):33–42. DOI: 10.15690/vramn1673.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lakman I.A., Musin T.I., Galiullina A.R., Bagmanova Z.A., Gumerov R.M., Davtyan P.A. et al. Risk factors for switching patients with covid-19 to artificial ventilation lungs in a retrospective non-randomized study. Annals of the Russian Аcademy of Medical Sciences. 2022;77(1):33–42. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.15690/vramn1673.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grasselli G., Greco M., Zanella A., Albano G., Antonelli M., Bellani G. et al. Risk factors associated with mortality among patients with COVID-19 in intensive care units in Lombardy, Italy. JAMA Intern. Med. 2020;180(10):1345–1355. DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.3539.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grasselli G., Greco M., Zanella A., Albano G., Antonelli M., Bellani G. et al. Risk factors associated with mortality among patients with COVID-19 in intensive care units in Lombardy, Italy. JAMA Intern. Med. 2020;180(10):1345–1355. DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.3539.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xie Y., Xu E., Bowe B., Ziyad A.-A. Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19. Nat. Med. 2022;28:583–590. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01689-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xie Y., Xu E., Bowe B., Ziyad A.-A. Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19. Nat. Med. 2022;28:583–590. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01689-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Motloch L.J., Jirak P., Gareeva D., Davtyan P., Gumerov R., Lakman I. et al. Cardiovascular biomarkers for prediction of in-hospital and 1-year post-discharge mortality in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Front. Med. 2022;9:906665. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.906665.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Motloch L.J., Jirak P., Gareeva D., Davtyan P., Gumerov R., Lakman I. et al. Cardiovascular biomarkers for prediction of in-hospital and 1-year post-discharge mortality in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Front. Med. 2022;9:906665. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.906665.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parohan M., Yaghoubi S., Seraji A., Javanbakht M.H., Sarraf P., Djalali M. Risk factors for mortality in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Aging Male. 2020;23(5):1416–1424. DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2020.1774748.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parohan M., Yaghoubi S., Seraji A., Javanbakht M.H., Sarraf P., Djalali M. Risk factors for mortality in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Aging Male. 2020;23(5):1416–1424. DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2020.1774748.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dong Y.M., Sun J., Li Y.X., Chen Q., Liu Q.Q., Sun Zh. et al. Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Assessing Survival in Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2021;72(4):652–660. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa963.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dong Y.M., Sun J., Li Y.X., Chen Q., Liu Q.Q., Sun Zh. et al. Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Assessing Survival in Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2021;72(4):652–660. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa963.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Atlam M., Torkey H., Fishawy N.E., Salem H. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Survival analysis using deep learning and Cox regression model. Pattern Anal. Appl.2021;24(3):993–1005. DOI: 10.1007/s10044-021-00958-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Atlam M., Torkey H., Fishawy N.E., Salem H. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Survival analysis using deep learning and Cox regression model. Pattern Anal. Appl.2021;24(3):993–1005. DOI: 10.1007/s10044-021-00958-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liang W., Liang H., Ou L., Chen B., Chen A., Li C. et al. Development and validation of a clinical risk score to predict the occurrence of critical illness in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. JAMA Intern. Med. 2020;180(8):1081–1089. DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2033.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liang W., Liang H., Ou L., Chen B., Chen A., Li C. et al. Development and validation of a clinical risk score to predict the occurrence of critical illness in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. JAMA Intern. Med. 2020;180(8):1081–1089. DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2033.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vekaria B., Overton C., Wisniowski A., Ahmad S., Aparicio-Castro A., Curran-Sebastian J. et al. Hospital length of stay for COVID-19 patients: Data-driven methods for forward planning. BMC Infect. Dis. 2021;21(1):700. DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06371-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vekaria B., Overton C., Wisniowski A., Ahmad S., Aparicio-Castro A., Curran-Sebastian J. et al. Hospital length of stay for COVID-19 patients: Data-driven methods for forward planning. BMC Infect. Dis. 2021;21(1):700. DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06371-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thiruvengadam G., Ramanujam R., Marappa L. Modeling the recovery time of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 using an accelerated failure time model. J. Int. Med. Res. 2021;49(8):3000605211040263. DOI: 10.1177/03000605211040263.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thiruvengadam G., Ramanujam R., Marappa L. Modeling the recovery time of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 using an accelerated failure time model. J. Int. Med. Res. 2021;49(8):3000605211040263. DOI: 10.1177/03000605211040263.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chiou S.H., Kang S., Yan J. Fitting accelerated failure time models in routine survival analysis with R package aftgee. Journal of Statistical Software. 2014;61(11):1–23. DOI: 10.18637/jss.v061.i11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chiou S.H., Kang S., Yan J. Fitting accelerated failure time models in routine survival analysis with R package aftgee. Journal of Statistical Software. 2014;61(11):1–23. DOI: 10.18637/jss.v061.i11.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Motloch L.J., Jirak P., Moritz M., Fiedler L., Davtyan P.A., Lakman I.A. et al. Early antithrombotic post-discharge therapy using prophylactic DOAC or dipyridamole improves long-term survival and cardiovascular outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 survivors. Front. Cardiovasc. Med. 2022;9:916156. DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.916156.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Motloch L.J., Jirak P., Moritz M., Fiedler L., Davtyan P.A., Lakman I.A. et al. Early antithrombotic post-discharge therapy using prophylactic DOAC or dipyridamole improves long-term survival and cardiovascular outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 survivors. Front. Cardiovasc. Med. 2022;9:916156. DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.916156.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
