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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2713-2927</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-265X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>TSU publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29001/2073-8552-2023-38-2-227-234-</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiotomsk-1729</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная морфометрическая характеристика декомпенсированной стадии долихоколон</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative morphometric characteristics of the dolichocolon decompensated stage</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2073-9772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шевченко Татьяна Ивановна, д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры патологической анатомии</p><p>283003, Донецкая Народная Республика, Донецк, пр. Ильича, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana I. Shevchenko, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Pathological Anatomy Department</p><p>16, Il’icha str., 283003, Donetsk, Donetsk People's Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tatianashev4enko57@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4203-2361</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борота</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borota</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борота Александр Васильевич, д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой общей хирургии № 1</p><p>283003, Донецкая Народная Республика, Донецк, пр. Ильича, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Borota, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, General Surgery Department № 1</p><p>16, Il’icha str., 283003, Donetsk, Donetsk People's Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">obchaya-hirurgia-1@dnmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6578-0050</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швороб</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvorob</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данил Сергеевич Швороб, ассистент, кафедра патологической анатомии</p><p>283003, Донецкая Народная Республика, Донецк, пр. Ильича, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Danil S. Shvorob, Assistant Professor, Pathological Anatomy Department</p><p>16, Il’icha str., 283003, Donetsk, Donetsk People's Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mcshady@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8480-3155</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аль Ямани</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alyamani</surname><given-names>N. J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аль Ямани Наврас Джамал Али, ассистент, кафедра общей хирургии № 1</p><p>283003, Донецкая Народная Республика, Донецк, пр. Ильича, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nawras J. Alyamani, Assistant Professor, General Surgery Department</p><p>16, Il’icha str., 283003, Donetsk, Donetsk People's Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">obchaya-hirurgia-1@dnmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6819-652X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramyan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абрамян Арина Ашотовна, студент 5-го курса, 1-й лечебный факультет</p><p>283003, Донецкая Народная Республика, Донецк, пр. Ильича, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arina A. Abramyan, 5th year student, 1st Medical Faculty</p><p>16, Il’icha str., 283003, Donetsk, Donetsk People's Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.arinaashotovna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донецкий национальный медицинский университет имени М. Горького</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M. Gorky Donetsk National Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>38</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>227</fpage><lpage>234</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шевченко Т.И., Борота А.В., Швороб Д.С., Аль Ямани Н.Д., Абрамян А.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шевченко Т.И., Борота А.В., Швороб Д.С., Аль Ямани Н.Д., Абрамян А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shevchenko T.I., Borota A.V., Shvorob D.S., Alyamani N.J., Abramyan A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/1729">https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/1729</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Хронический запор (ХЗ) является одной из наиболее актуальных проблем в современной колопроктологии и наблюдается у 14–16% населения развитых стран. Причины ХЗ широко варьируют от функциональных до органических. К последним можно отнести долихоколон, различные варианты которой встречаются в 16% случаев.Цель исследования: дать морфологическую и количественную характеристику декомпенсированной стадии долихоколон на основании морфогенеза изменений по сравнению с гистологически нормальной толстой кишкой.Материал и методы. Использованы образцы ткани толстой кишки 16 человек, которые были разделены на две группы. Первую контрольную группу составили 8 секционных случаев морфологически нормальной стенки толстой кишки. Вторая исследуемая группа представлена операционным материалом 8 пациентов с декомпенсированной стадией долихоколон. Группы наблюдений были сопоставимы по полу и возрасту.Результаты. В среднем у пациентов с декомпенсированной стадией долихоколон по сравнению с контрольной группой статистически достоверно (p ˂ 0,05), уменьшается толщина слизистой и мышечной оболочек в 1,07 и 2,26 раза соответственно. Толщина подслизистой оболочки увеличивается в 1,17 раза, однако максимальные и минимальные значения данного параметра изменяются всего в 1,35 раза, тогда как в контрольной группе в 7,21 раза, что свидетельствует о максимальной сглаженности стенки толстой кишки и является следствием ее функциональной недостаточности. Удельная доля нервных сплетений в мышечной оболочке в 1,45 раза больше по сравнению с контрольной группой, однако количество нервных клеток снижается в 2,98 раза, являясь следствием развития недостаточности эвакуаторно-моторной функции толстой кишки. Средняя площадь лимфатических фолликулов уменьшается в 1,49 раза, а вторичные фолликулы исчезают вовсе, означая истощение компенсаторно-приспособительных реакций лимфоидного аппарата.Выводы. Морфологические и морфометрические признаки необратимых изменений, таких как дистрофия, атрофия и склероз всех структурных элементов стенки толстой в стадии декомпенсированной долихоколон, позволяют считать целесообразным хирургическое лечение, а также проведение профилактики развития декомпенсации общего состояния больных.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Chronic constipation is one of the most actual problems in modern coloproctology and found in 14–16% of developed countries population. The causes of chronic constipation vary widely from functional to organic. The latter include dolichocolon, different variants of which occur in 16% cases.Aim: To give a morphological and quantitative characteristic of the decompensated stage of dolichocolon based on the morphogenesis of changes in comparison with the histologically normal colon.Material and Methods. Colon tissue samples from 16 people were used and divided into two groups. The first, control group, included 8 sectional cases of a morphologically normal colon wall. The second, the study group, was represented by surgical material from 8 patients with dolichocolon decompensated stage. Observation groups were comparable by sex and age.Results. In average, in patients with the decompensated dolichocolon stage, in comparison with the control group, statistically significantly (p ˂ 0.05), the thickness of the mucous and muscular membranes decreases by 1.07 and 2.26 times, respectively. The thickness of the submucosa increases by 1.17 times. However, the maximum and minimum values of this parameter change only by 1.35 times, while in the control group – by 7.21 times, as a consequence of the development of insufficiency of the evacuation-motor function of the colon which indicates the maximum smoothness of the colon wall, and is a consequence of its functional insufficiency. The specific proportion of neuro plexuses in the muscular membrane is 1.45 times higher than in the control group. However, the number of nerve cells decreases by 2.98 times, as a result of the development of insufficiency in the evacuation-motor function of the colon. The average area of lymphatic follicles decreases by 1.49 times, and secondary follicles disappear altogether, meaning the depletion of the compensatory-adaptive reactions of the lymphoid apparatus.Conclusion. Morphological and morphometric signs of irreversible changes, such as dystrophy, atrophy and sclerosis of all structural elements of the thick wall in the stage of decompensated dolichocolon, suggest surgical treatment, as well as prevention of the development of decompensation of the general condition of patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>долихоколон</kwd><kwd>декомпенсация</kwd><kwd>хронический  запор</kwd><kwd>морфометрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dolichocolon</kwd><kwd>decompensation</kwd><kwd>chronic constipation</kwd><kwd>morphometry</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного бюджетного финансирования.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the framework of state budget funding.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Forootan M., Bagheri N., Darvishi M. 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