cardiotomskСибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медициныSiberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine2713-29272713-265XTSU publishing10.29001/2073-8552-2023-38-4-86-96cardiotomsk-2057Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESВлияние кишечной микробиоты на устойчивость миокарда к ишемическому-реперфузионному повреждениюEffect of intestinal microbiota on myocardial resistance to ischemia-reperfusion injuryhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9747БорщевЮ. Ю.BorshchevYu. Yu.

Борщев Юрий Юрьевич, канд. биол. наук, заведующий научно-исследовательским отделом токсикологии, Институт экспериментальной медицины, Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова ; научный сотрудник лаборатории химиопрофилактики рака и онкофармакологии, Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. Петрова 

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2

 Yuriy Yu. Borshchev, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Head of the Research Department of Toxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Center; Research Scientist, Laboratory of Cancer Chemoprevention and Oncopharmacology, NMRC of Oncology named after N.N. Petrov 

2, Akkuratova str., Saint-Petersburg, 197341

niscon@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1705-7217СонинД. Л.SoninD. L.

Сонин Дмитрий Леонидович, канд. мед. наук, руководитель и ведущий научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского отдела микроциркуляции и метаболизма миокарда, Институт экспериментальной медицины, Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова; заведующий научно-исследовательской лабораторией метаболизма миокарда, Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова 

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2

Dmitry L. Sonin, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Leading Research Scientist, Head of Department of Microcirculation and Myocardial Metabolism, Institute of Experimental Medicine, V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Center of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Head of Myocardial Metabolism Laboratory of Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University

2, Akkuratova str., Saint-Petersburg, 197341

sonin_d@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6382-5286МинасянС. М.MinasyanS. M.

Минасян Саркис Минасович, канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник, научно-исследовательский отдел микроциркуляции и метаболизма миокарда, Институт экспериментальной медицины

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2

Sarkis M. Minasyan, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Scientist, Research Department of Microcirculation and Myocardial Metabolism, Institute of Experimental Medicine

2, Akkuratova str., Saint-Petersburg, 197341

carkis@yandex.ruБорщеваО. В.BorshchevaO. V.

Борщева Ольга Викторовна, научный сотрудник, научно-исследовательский отдел токсикологии, Институт экспериментальной медицины

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2

Ol’ga V. Borshcheva, Research Scientist, Research Department of Toxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine

2, Akkuratova str., Saint-Petersburg, 197341

violga27@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6637-3633БуровенкоИ. Ю.BurovenkoI. Yu.

Буровенко Инесса Юрьевна, младший научный сотрудник, научно-исследовательский отдел токсикологии, Институт экспериментальной медицины

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2

Inessa Yu. Burovenko, Junior Research Scientist, Research Department of Toxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine

2, Akkuratova str., Saint-Petersburg, 197341

burovenko.inessa@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5129-9944ГалагудзаМ. М.GalagudzaM. M.

Галагудза Михаил Михайлович, д-р мед. наук, профессор, чл.-корр. РАН, директор Института экспериментальной медицины

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2

Michael M. Galagudza, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Associate Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of Institute of Experimental Medicine

2, Akkuratova str., Saint-Petersburg, 197341

alagoudza@mail.ruНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияAlmazov National Medical Research Centre of the Ministry of Health of Russian FederationRussian Federation2023301220233848696Copyright © Борщев Ю.Ю., Сонин Д.Л., Минасян С.М., Борщева О.В., Буровенко И.Ю., Галагудза М.М., 20232023Борщев Ю.Ю., Сонин Д.Л., Минасян С.М., Борщева О.В., Буровенко И.Ю., Галагудза М.М.Borshchev Y.Y., Sonin D.L., Minasyan S.M., Borshcheva O.V., Burovenko I.Y., Galagudza M.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/2057

Последние 10–15 лет ознаменованы бурным увеличением объема знаний о роли кишечной микробиоты в регуляции разнообразных физиологических процессов. В частности, отмечены взаимосвязи между нарушениями состава кишечной микрофлоры и увеличением риска развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ). Появляются также работы, в которых продемонстрирована возможность уменьшения выраженности ишемического-реперфузионного повреждения (ИРП) миокарда в результате различных воздействий на состав кишечной микробиоты. В настоящем обзоре проанализирована литература последних лет, посвященная влиянию кишечной микробиоты на устойчивость миокарда к ИРП. Показано, что модуляция кишечного микробиома посредством изменения характера питания, введения пробиотиков, антибиотиков, а также трансплантации кишечной микрофлоры приводит к уменьшению размера инфаркта миокарда. В качестве возможных механизмов кардиопротекции, опосредованной изменениями функционального состояния микробиоты, рассматриваются нормализация повышенной проницаемости кишечного эпителиального барьера с уменьшением проявлений системного воспаления, изменения уровня секреции некоторых гормонов, усиление продукции короткоцепочечных жирных кислот и модуляция метаболизма желчных кислот под действием ферментов кишечных бактерий. Концепция повышения устойчивости миокарда к ИРП за счет модуляции состава кишечной микробиоты является совершенно новым научным направлением, требующим детального изучения в эксперименте с возможностью быстрого внедрения полученных результатов в клиническую практику.

The last 10–15 years have been marked by a rapid increase in the volume of knowledge about the role of the intestinal microbiota in the regulation of various physiological processes. In particular, the interrelations between disturbances in the composition of the intestinal microflora and an increase in the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases were noted. There are also emerging works that demonstrate the possibility of reducing the severity of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury as a result of various effects on the composition of intestinal microbiota. This review analyzes the recent literature on the influence of intestinal microbiota on myocardial resistance to ischemia-reperfusion injury. It has been shown that modulation of the intestinal microbiome by changing the nature of nutrition, probiotics, antibiotics, and intestinal microflora transplantation leads to a reduction in the size of myocardial infarction. Normalization of increased permeability of intestinal epithelial barrier with reduction of manifestations of systemic inflammation, changes in the level of secretion of some hormones, increased production of short-chain fatty acids and modulation of bile acid metabolism under the action of intestinal bacterial enzymes are considered as possible mechanisms of cardioprotection mediated by changes in the functional state of microbiota. The concept of increasing myocardial resistance to ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating the composition of the intestinal microbiota is a completely new scientific direction that requires detailed study in experiment with the possibility of rapid implementation of the results obtained in clinical practice.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.