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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2713-2927</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-265X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>TSU publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29001/2073-8552-2025-2665</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiotomsk-2665</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка результатов эпикардиальной электрокардиостимуляции левого желудочка у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of epicardial left ventricular pacing in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5928-949X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якимова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakimova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Якимова Евгения Валентиновна - младший научный сотрудник, от деление детской кардиологии, НИИ кардиологии Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenia V. Yakimova - Junior Research Scientist, Department of  Pediatric Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC.</p><p>111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgenia@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-4903</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джаффарова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhaffarova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Джаффарова Ольга Юрьевна - канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник, отделение детской кардиологии, НИИ кардиологии Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Yu. Dzhaffarova - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Scientist, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC.</p><p>111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oyd@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2056-4060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свинцова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svintsova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свинцова Лилия Ивановна - д-р мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, отделение детской кардиологии, НИИ кардиологии Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liliya I. Svintsova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Leading Research Scientist, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC.</p><p>111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lis@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6531-7223</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сморгон</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smorgon</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Сморгон Андрей Владимирович - младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория ультразвуковых и функциональных методов исследований, НИИ кардиологии Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Smorgon - Junior Research Scientist, Laboratory of Ultrasound and Functional Research Methods, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC.</p><p>111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sav@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0486-3212</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Связов</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svyazov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Связов Евгений Александрович - канд. мед. наук, заведующий кардиохиругическим отделением, НИИ кардиологии Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy A. Svyazov - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Cardiac Surgery Department, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC.</p><p>111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8121-8287</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Картофелева</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kartofeleva</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Картофелева Елена Олеговна - младший научный сотрудник, отделение детской кардиологии, НИИ кардиологии Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena O. Kartofeleva - Junior Research Scientist, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC.</p><p>111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">keo@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт кардиологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук (НИИ кардиологии Томского НИМЦ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>40</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>123</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Якимова Е.В., Джаффарова О.Ю., Свинцова Л.И., Сморгон А.В., Связов Е.А., Картофелева Е.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Якимова Е.В., Джаффарова О.Ю., Свинцова Л.И., Сморгон А.В., Связов Е.А., Картофелева Е.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakimova E.V., Dzhaffarova O.Y., Svintsova L.I., Smorgon A.V., Svyazov E.A., Kartofeleva E.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/2665">https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/2665</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность работы обусловлена высокой частотой развития пейсмекер-индуцированной кардиомиопатии (ПИКМП) при хронической стимуляции правого желудочка, достигающей 30% в педиатрической популяции. Современные данные свидетельствуют о преимуществах стимуляции левого желудочка (ЛЖ) в отношении сохранения сократительной функции и внутрижелудочковой синхронности. В настоящем исследовании представлены непосредственные и отдаленные результаты эпикардиальной имплантации электрода электрокардиостимулятора (ЭКС) на ЛЖ у детей.</p><p>Целью данного исследования является ретроспективная оценка результатов ЭКС ЛЖ у детей с атриовентрикулярными блокадами (АВБ).</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В одноцентровое ретроспективное исследование включены пациенты с клинически значимой АВБ, которым была выполнена имплантация эпикардиальной системы кардиостимуляции с локализацией желудочкового электрода в проекцию верхушки ЛЖ. В раннем и отдаленном послеоперационных периодах всем пациентам проводилось комплексное обследование, включающее: 12-канальную электрокардиографию (ЭКГ) с оценкой ширины комплекса QRS, контроль функции ЭКС, суточное мониторирование ЭКГ, эхокардиографию (ЭхоКГ) по стандартному протоколу с определением показателей сократительной функции ЛЖ, рентгенографию органов грудной клетки в прямой и боковой проекциях. Для минимизации влияния антропометрической вариабельности в детском возрасте конечно-диастолический объем ЛЖ, размеры левого и правого предсердий были выражены в процентах от нормативных значений с учетом массо-ростовых характеристик. Дополнительно оценивались внутрижелудочковая диссинхрония (ВД) методом тканевой допплерографии и глобальная продольная деформация (ГПД) ЛЖ с использованием Speckle-tracking ЭхоКГ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В период с 2013 по 2024 гг. 36 пациентам выполнена первичная имплантация эпикардиальной системы ЭКС с локализацией желудочкового электрода на верхушке ЛЖ (33 двухкамерные системы в режиме DDD, 3 однокамерные – в режиме VVI). Медиана возраста пациентов на момент операции составила 4 [1;7] года, от 14 дней до 14 лет. У всей группы в раннем послеоперационном периоде и в ходе длительного наблюдения (до 9 лет) отсутствовали клинические признаки сердечной недостаточности и эхокардиографические маркеры ПИКМП.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Эпикардиальная ЭКС ЛЖ у детей с АВБ демонстрирует благоприятные отдаленные результаты, включая сохранение систолической функции, внутрижелудочковой синхронности и отсутствие признаков ПИКМП. Полученные данные подтверждают целесообразность выбора верхушки ЛЖ в качестве оптимальной точки имплантации у данной категории пациентов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The relevance of this work is due to the high incidence of pacemaker-induced cardiomyopathy (PICM) associated with chronic right ventricular pacing, reaching up to 30% in the pediatric population. Current evidence suggests the benefits of left ventricular (LV) pacing in preserving contractile function and intraventricular synchrony. This study presents the immediate and longterm results of epicardial LV pacemaker lead implantation in children.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To retrospectively assess epicardial LV pacing in children with atrioventricular blocks (AVB).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. This single-center retrospective study included patients with clinically significant atrioventricular (AV) block who underwent implantation of an epicardial pacing system with the ventricular lead localized in the LV apex. In the early and late postoperative periods, all patients underwent a comprehensive examination, including: 12-channel electrocardiography (ECG) with assessment of the QRS complex width, pacemaker function control, 24-hour Holter monitoring, echocardiography (EchoCG) according to a standard protocol with determination of LV contractile function parameters, chest X-ray in the frontal and lateral views. To minimize the influence of anthropometric variability in childhood, such EchoCG parameters as LV end-diastolic volume, as well as the sizes of the left and right atria were expressed as a percentage of the expected values, taking into account weight and height characteristics. Additionally, intraventricular dyssynchrony (IVD) was assessed using tissue Doppler ultrasonography and global longitudinal strain (GLS) of the LV using Speckle-tracking echocardiography.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. From 2013 to 2024, 36 patients underwent primary implantation of an epicardial pacemaker system with the ventricular lead localized at the apex of the LV (33 dual-chamber systems in DDD mode, 3 single-chamber systems in VVI mode). The age of patients at the time of surgery was 4 [1;7] years, from 14 days to 14 years. There were no clinical signs of heart failure and echocardiographic markers of PICMP in the entire group in the early postoperative period and during long-term follow-up (up to 9 years). During longterm follow-up (up to 9 years), all patients had no clinical signs of heart failure and echocardiographic markers of PICMP, including IVD and increased LV GLS.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Epicardial LV pacing in children with AVB demonstrates favorable long-term results, including preservation of systolic function, intraventricular synchrony, and absence of signs of PICMP. The data obtained confirm the advisability of choosing the LV apex as the optimal implantation point in this category of patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эпикардиальная стимуляция левого желудочка</kwd><kwd>пейсмейкер-индуцированная кардиомиопатия</kwd><kwd>детская кардиология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>epicardial left ventricular pacing</kwd><kwd>pacemaker-induced cardiomyopathy</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование выполнено без финансовой поддержки грантов, общественных, некоммерческих, коммерческих организаций и структур</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the study was carried out without financial support from grants, public, non-profit, commercial organizations and structures</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gavaghan C. 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