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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2713-2927</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-265X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>TSU publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29001/2073-8552-2025-2725</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiotomsk-2725</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Антибактериальная и антимикотическая активность производных бензофеназина: исследование in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibacterial and antimycotic activity of benzophenazine derivatives: an in vitro study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4760-7315</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Надточий</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nadtochiy</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надточий Вадим Валерьевич - аспирант, УрФУ им. первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина.</p><p>620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim V. Nadtochiy - Graduate Student, UrFU.</p><p>19, Mira str., Yekaterinburg, 620002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadtochiy-99@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0040-495X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алтоби</surname><given-names>А.М.К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Altobee</surname><given-names>A.M.K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алтоби Акил Махди Кетаб - аспирант, УрФУ им. первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина.</p><p>620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aqeel M.K. Altobee - Graduate Student, UrFU.</p><p>19, Mira str., Yekaterinburg, 620002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aqeel.mahdi96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9752-5054</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аминева</surname><given-names>П. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amineva</surname><given-names>P. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аминева Полина Геннадьевна - заведующий лабораторией, врач-медицинский микробиолог, Кволити Мед; ассистент, кафедра медицинской микробиологии и клинической лабораторной диагностики, аспирант, УГМУ МЗ РФ.</p><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3; 620142, Екатеринбург, ул. Машинная, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina G. Amineva - Head of the Laboratory Medical Microbiologist, Quality Med; Assistant, Department of Medical Microbiology and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, USMU; postgraduate student, USMU.</p><p>3, Repina str., Yekaterinburg, 620028; 1, Mashinnaya st., Yekaterinburg, 620142</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pga@qualitymed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2493-0056</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никонов</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikonov</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никонов Игорь Леонидович - канд. хим. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, УрФУ им. первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина; научный сотрудник, Институт органического синтеза им. И.Я. Постовского УрО РАН.</p><p>620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19; 620100, Екатеринбург, Сибирский тракт, 37; 620990, Екатеринбург, ул. Софьи Ковалевской, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor L. Nikonov - Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Leading Research Scientist, UrFU; Researcher, I.Ya. Postovsky Research Institute, UBRAS; Associate Professor, USFEU.</p><p>19, Mira str., Yekaterinburg, 620002; 37, Sibirskiy trakt, Yekaterinburg, 620100; 22, S. Kovalevskaya str., Yekaterinburg, 620990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igor.nikonov.ekb@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9692-2346</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зырянов</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zyrianov</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зырянов Григорий Васильевич - д-р хим. наук, профессор, кафедра органической и биомолекулярной химии, УрФУ им. первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина; главный научный сотрудник, ИОС им. И.Я. Постовского УрО РАН.</p><p>620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19; 620990, Екатеринбург, ул. Софьи Ковалевской, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigory V. Zyrianov - Dr. Sci. (Chem.), Professor, Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, UrFU; Chief Researcher, I.Ya. Postovsky Research Institute, UBRAS.</p><p>19, Mira str., Yekaterinburg, 620002; 22, S. Kovalevskaya str., Yekaterinburg, 620990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.v.zyrianov@urfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1705-4078</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русинов</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusinov</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Русинов Владимир Леонидович - д-р хим. наук, профессор, чл.корр. РАН, заведующий кафедрой органической и биомолекулярной химии, УрФУ им. первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина; ведущий научный сотрудник, Институт органического синтеза им. И.Я. Постовского УрО РАН.</p><p>620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19; 620990, Екатеринбург, ул. Софьи Ковалевской, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir L. Rusinov - Dr. Sci. (Chem.), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department, Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, UrFU; Leading Research Scientist, I.Y. Postovsky Research Institute, UBRAS.</p><p>19, Mira str., Yekaterinburg, 620002; 22, S. Kovalevskaya str., Yekaterinburg, 620990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.l.rusinov@urfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина (УрФУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin (UrFU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (УГМУ Минздрава России); Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Кволити Мед»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (USMU); Quality Med</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина (УрФУ); Уральский государственный лесотехнический университет (УГЛТУ); Институт органического синтеза имени И.Я. Постовского Уральского отделения Российской академии наук (Институт органического синтеза имени И.Я. Постовского УрО РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin (UrFU); Ural State Forestry Engineering University (USFEU); I.Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (I.Ya. Postovsky Research Institute, UBRAS)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина (УрФУ); Институт органического синтеза имени И.Я. Постовского Уральского отделения Российской академии наук (Институт органического синтеза имени И.Я. Постовского УрО РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin (UrFU); I.Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (I.Ya. Postovsky Research Institute, UBRAS)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>40</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>150</fpage><lpage>157</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Надточий В.В., Алтоби А., Аминева П.Г., Никонов И.Л., Зырянов Г.В., Русинов В.Л., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Надточий В.В., Алтоби А., Аминева П.Г., Никонов И.Л., Зырянов Г.В., Русинов В.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nadtochiy V.V., Altobee A., Amineva P.G., Nikonov I.I., Zyrianov G.V., Rusinov V.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/2725">https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/2725</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. На сегодняшний день одной из актуальных проблем здравоохранения является нарастающая антибиотикорезистентность патогенных микроорганизмов. В связи с этим повышается потребность в изыскании новых противомикробных средств для медицинского применения. Ранее нами предварительно был исследован антибактериальный потенциал данной группы соединений, на основании чего мы можем говорить о производных бензофеназина как о перспективных антимикробных агентах. В данной статье представлено исследование противомикробных свойств новых синтезированных соединений группы бензофеназинов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценить антибактериальный и противогрибковый потенциал производных бензофеназина в экспериментальных условиях in vitro.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Применена методика определения противомикробной активности таких производных бензофеназина, как незамещенный бензофеназин-5-ол (VN-13), о-метилированный бензофеназин-5-ол (VN-16-3), 4,5-дифторбензофеназин-5-ол (VN-11), а также о-метилированный 4,5-дифторбензофеназин-5-ол (VN-35-3) путем титрования в стерильном 96-луночном планшете с последующим высевом на плотные питательные среды. Противомикробную активность соединений регистрировали в отношении таких возбудителей инфекционных заболеваний, как Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Streptococcus agalactiae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), VRE (vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus), CRAB (carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii), Burkholderia cenocepacia, Candida albicans. Антибактериальный и противогрибковый потенциал соединений оценивали по наличию или отсутствию роста колоний микроорганизмов в присутствии различных концентраций исследуемых бензофеназинов (от 2000 мкг/мл до 0,016 мкг/мл).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По результатам исследования было показано, что все исследуемые производные бензофеназина продемонстрировали антибактериальную активность в отношении Streptococcus agalactiae и Burkholderia cenocepacia. В отношении других испытуемых штаммов, включая полирезистентные, проявил активность только незамещенный бензофеназин-5-ол под кодом VN-13. Невосприимчивыми к исследуемым соединениям оказались Pseudomonas aeruginosa и Escherichia coli ATCC 25922.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Показано, что производные бензофеназина проявляют бактерицидную или бактериостатическую активность в отношении ряда бактерий, в том числе полирезистентных штаммов, а также грибов рода Candida. На основании полученных результатов можно предполагать актуальность дальнейших исследований в направлении изучения эффективности и безопасности бензофеназинов как перспективных противомикробных и противогрибковых средств.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Today, one of the urgent health problems is the increasing antibiotic resistance of pathogenic microorganisms. In this regard, there is an increasing need to find new antimicrobial agents for medical use. Benzophenazine derivatives may be an example of promising antimicrobial agents. This article presents a study of the antimicrobial properties of newly synthesized compounds of the benzophenazine group.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal potential of benzophenazine derivatives under experimental conditions in vitro.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. The antimicrobial activity of a panel of benzophenazine derivatives – unsubstituted benzophenazin-5-ol (VN-13), o-methylated benzophenazin-5-ol (VN-16-3), 4,5-difluorobenzophenazin-5-ol (VN-11), and o-methylated 4,5-difluorobenzophenazin5-ol (VN-35-3) – was assessed by titration in sterile 96-well plates, followed by plating on solid media. The antimicrobial activity of the compounds was evaluated against pathogens of infectious diseases such as Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Streptococcus agalactiae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), VRE (vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus), CRAB (carbapenem -resistant Acinetobacter baumannii), Burkholderia cenocepacia, Candida albicans. The antibacterial and antifungal potential of the compounds was assessed by the presence or absence of microbial colony growth at various concentrations of the benzophenazines (from 2000 μg/ml to 0.016 μg/ml).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study results demonstrated that all tested benzophenazine derivatives exhibited antibacterial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae and Burkholderia cenocepacia. Against other tested strains, including multidrug-resistant ones, only unsubstituted benzophenazine-5-ol (VN-13) showed activity. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 were resistant to all studied compounds.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Benzophenazine derivatives demonstrate bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity against a number of bacteria, including polyresistant strains, as well as fungi of the genus Candida. Based on the results obtained, it is possible to assume the relevance of further research in the direction of studying the efficacy and safety of benzophenazines as promising antimicrobial agents.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>антибактериальная активность</kwd><kwd>антимикотическая активность</kwd><kwd>медицинская химия</kwd><kwd>доклинические исследования</kwd><kwd>бензофеназины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd><kwd>antibacterial activity</kwd><kwd>antimycotic activity</kwd><kwd>medical chemistry</kwd><kwd>preclinical studies</kwd><kwd>benzophenazines</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Минобрнауки РФ в рамках государственного задания (гос. рег. тема № 124020200072-0)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the work was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation within the framework of the state assignment (subject no. state reg. 124020200072-0)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Naghavi M., Vollset S.E., Ikuta K.S., Swetschinski L.R., Gray A.P., Wool E.E. et al. 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