cardiotomskСибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медициныSiberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine2713-29272713-265XTSU publishing10.29001/2073-8552-2025-40-3-19-27cardiotomsk-2817Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSМедиаторы и сигнальные пути развития миокардиального фиброзаMediators and signaling pathways in myocardial fibrosishttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5018-0271КытиковаО. Ю.KytikovaO. Yu.

Кытикова Оксана Юрьевна - д-р мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория восстановительного лечения, ДНЦ ФПД.

690105, Владивосток, ул. Русская, 73г

Oxana Yu. Kytikova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Scientist, Laboratory of Rehabilitative Treatment, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation.

73-g, Russkaya str., Vladivostok, 690105

kytikova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2492-3198АнтонюкМ. В.AntonyukM. V.

Антонюк Марина Владимировна - д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией восстановительного лечения, ДНЦ ФПД.

690105, Владивосток, ул. Русская, 73г

Marina V. Antonyuk - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Rehabilitation, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation.

73-g, Russkaya str., Vladivostok, 690105

antonyukm@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6058-201XНовгородцеваТ. П.NovgorodtsevaT. P.

Новгородцева Татьяна Павловна - д-р биол. наук, профессор, заместитель директора по научной работе, главный научный сотрудник, лаборатория биомедицинских исследований, ДНЦ ФПД.

690105, Владивосток, ул. Русская, 73г

Tatyana P. Novgorodtseva - Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Professor, Chief Research Scientist, Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation.

73-g, Russkaya str., Vladivostok, 690105

nauka@niivl.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6413-9840ГвозденкоТ. А.GvozdenkoT. A.

Гвозденко Татьяна Александровна - д-р мед. наук, профессор РАН, главный научный сотрудник, лаборатория восстановительного лечения, ДНЦ ФПД.

690105, Владивосток, ул. Русская, 73г

Tatyana А. Gvozdenko - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of Russian Academy of Sciences, Chief Research Scientist, Laboratory of Rehabilitation, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative.

73-g, Russkaya str., Vladivostok, 690105

vfdnz@mail.ruВладивостокский филиал «Дальневосточного научного центра физиологии и патологии дыхания» – Научно-исследовательский институт медицинской климатологии и восстановительного лечения (ДНЦ ФПД, Владивосток)РоссияVladivostok branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Far Eastern Scientific Center for Physiology and Pathology of Respiration” – Research Institute of Medical Climatology and RehabilitationRussian Federation2025051020254031927Copyright © Кытикова О.Ю., Антонюк М.В., Новгородцева Т.П., Гвозденко Т.А., 20252025Кытикова О.Ю., Антонюк М.В., Новгородцева Т.П., Гвозденко Т.А.Kytikova O.Y., Antonyuk M.V., Novgorodtseva T.P., Gvozdenko T.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/2817

Миокардиальный фиброз тесно связан с тяжелыми сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями (ССЗ), характеризующимися повышенными показателями смертности в мире. В основе развития миокардиального фиброза лежит дифференцировка фибробластов в миофибробласты, в избытке синтезирующие компоненты внеклеточного матрикса. Ключевым регулятором дифференцировки фибробластов в миофибробласты является трансформирующий фактор роста бета. В последние годы пристальное внимание в патогенезе фиброза отводится и другим факторам роста, в частности нейротрофинам. Недавно обнаружено, что фибробласты экспрессируют нейротрофический фактор головного мозга (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF), а его рецепторы вовлечены в патогенез развития фиброза различных органов и тканей. Роль BDNF и его рецепторов в патогенезе миокардиального фиброза только начинает изучаться. Представленный обзор обобщает информацию, имеющуюся в научной литературе (с 2019 по 2023 гг.), посвященную патофизиологическим и патогенетическим механизмам взаимосвязи BDNF с фиброзом сердца. Согласно проанализированным данным, механизмы действия BDNF в сердечно-сосудистой системе и патогенез фиброза сердца имеют общие точки пересечения, что делает нейротрофин многообещающей терапевтической целью при фиброзе сердца. Дальнейшее исследование этих аспектов позволит использовать разносторонние эффекты BDNF для разработки технологий профилактики фиброза сердца.

Myocardial fibrosis is closely associated with severe cardiovascular diseases, characterized by increased mortality rates worldwide. The development of myocardial fibrosis is based on the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, which synthesize components of the extracellular matrix in excess. A key regulator of fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts is transforming growth factor-beta. In recent years, close attention in the pathogenesis of fibrosis has been given to other growth factors – neurotrophins. It was recently discovered that fibroblasts express brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and its receptors are involved in the pathogenesis of fibrosis of various organs and tissues. The role of BDNF and its receptors in the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis is just beginning to be studied. This review summarizes the information available in the literature (2019-2023) on the pathophysiological and pathogenetic mechanisms of the relationship between BDNF and cardiac fibrosis. Data presented in the literature showed that the mechanisms of action of BDNF in the cardiovascular system and the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis have common points of intersection, which makes this neurotrophin a promising therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis. Further investigation of these aspects will allow the use of various external effects of BDNF to develop technology for the prevention of cardiac fibrosis.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.