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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2713-2927</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-265X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>TSU publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29001/2073-8552-2025-40-3-131-139</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiotomsk-2828</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перфузионная компьютерная томография в дифференциальной диагностике участков легочной консолидации поствоспалительной и злокачественной этиологии у пациентов, перенесших COVID-19-ассоциированную пневмонию</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Perfusion computed tomography in differential diagnostics of pulmonary consolidation areas of postinflammatory and malignant etiology in patients recovered from COVID-19-associated pneumonia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1287-814X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хафизов</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khafizov</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хафизов Мунавис Мунависович - аспирант кафедры общей хирургии, трансплантологии и лучевой диагностики, БГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>450008, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Munavis M. Khafizov - Graduate Student, Department of General Surgery, Transplantology, and Radiology, Bashkir State Medical University.</p><p>3, Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">munavis.khafizov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3210-6593</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Байков</surname><given-names>Д. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baikov</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Байков Денис Энверович - д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры общей хирургии, трансплантологии и лучевой диагностики, БГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>450008, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis E. Baikov - Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Department of General Surgery, Transplantology, and Radiology, Bashkir State Medical University.</p><p>3, Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d-baikov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1177-6424</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмадеева</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmadeeva</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ахмадеева Лейна Ринатовна - д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры неврологии, БГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>450008, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leina R. Akhmadeeva - Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Department of Neurology, Bashkir State Medical University.</p><p>3, Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leila_ufa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (БГМУ Минздрава России)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University (BSMU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>40</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>131</fpage><lpage>139</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хафизов М.М., Байков Д.Э., Ахмадеева Л.Р., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хафизов М.М., Байков Д.Э., Ахмадеева Л.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khafizov M.M., Baikov D.E., Akhmadeeva L.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/2828">https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/2828</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Пандемия COVID-19 обусловила рост числа пациентов с персистирующими легочными изменениями, у которых в течение длительного времени сохраняются зоны легочной консолидации. При этом стандартная компьютерная томография (КТ), оставаясь ведущим методом диагностики, обладает ограниченной возможностью в дифференциации доброкачественных и злокачественных процессов, так как их рентгенологические признаки часто неспецифичны. В последнее время в связи с доступностью новых технологий в лучевой диагностике появилась возможность оценить состояние регионарного кровотока в различных органах и тканях путем проведения специальных (перфузионных) исследований с помощью КТ и магнитно-резонансной томографии.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: определить диагностическую значимость таких количественных параметров перфузионной КТ, как скорость кровотока (blood flow, BF), объем кровотока (blood volume, BV), проницаемость сосудов (permeability solution, PS), среднее время прохождения контрастного вещества (mean transit time, MTT), время до пикового накопления контрастного вещества (time to peak, TTP) в дифференциации поствоспалительных и злокачественных участков легочной консолидации у пациентов, перенесших COVID-19-ассоциированную пневмонию.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В ретроспективное когортное исследование включена группа пациентов (n = 41) в возрасте от 18 до 75 лет, имеющих в анамнезе COVID-19-ассоциированную пневмонию, подтвержденную положительными результатами ПЦР-теста, с сохраняющимися клиническими проявлениями постковидного синдрома спустя 12 нед. после выписки из стационара. На этапе углубленной диспансеризации всем пациентам выполнена КТ органов грудной клетки, при которой были выявлены участки консолидации легочной паренхимы размером более 1 см, не поддающиеся однозначной дифференциальной диагностике между поствоспалительными и неопластическими изменениями по данным нативной и контрастной КТ. Перфузионная КТ выполнялась по низкодозному протоколу (100 кВ, 200 мА) на 128-срезовом компьютерном томографе GE Optima CT660 с внутривенным введением йодсодержащего контраста в объеме 50–60 мл, со скоростью введения 4,0 мл/с. Толщина среза составляла 5 мм при длительности сканирования 45–50 с.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлены статистически значимые различия показателей проницаемости сосудистой стенки и времени до пикового накопления контрастного вещества в участках консолидации неопластического и поствоспалительного характера: PS – 13,54 (5,71; 66,01) мл/100 г/мин; TTP – 11,57 (7,19; 15,71) с против 5,30 (1,90; 10,63) мл/100 г/мин; 32,55 (15,83; 38,28) с соответственно. Логистический регрессионный анализ подтвердил высокую диагностическую эффективность модели, включающей ковариаты PS и TTP: площадь под ROC-кривой (AUC) – 87,5%, чувствительность – 80%, специфичность – 81,3%. Показатель TTP продемонстрировал наибольший вклад в дифференциацию изменений: p = 0,004; отношение шансов (ОШ) = 0,888; 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) ОШ (0,81989; 0,96254), тогда как PS имел умеренную значимость: p = 0,075; ОШ = 1,057; 95% ДИ ОШ (0,99445; 1,12421).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Количественные показатели проницаемости сосудов и времени достижения пика контрастирования обладают статистически значимой диагностической ценностью по сравнению с другими показателями, такими как скорость и объем кровотока, среднее время прохождения контрастного вещества, и их повышение может выступать в качестве предикторов характера легочной консолидации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic caused an increase in the number of patients with persistent pulmonary changes, characterized by long-term retention of areas of pulmonary consolidation. While standard computed tomography (CT) remains the primary diagnostic method, it has limited capability in differentiating between benign and malignant processes due to the nonspecific nature of their radiological features. Recently, with the advancement of new technologies in radiological imaging, it becomes possible to evaluate regional blood flow in various organs and tissues through specialized perfusion studies using CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To assess the diagnostic significance of quantitative parameters of perfusion computed tomography, such as blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), vascular permeability (PS), mean transit time (MTT), and time to peak (TTP), in differentiating post-inflammatory and malignant areas of pulmonary consolidation in patients recovered from COVID-19-associated pneumonia.</p><p>The retrospective cohort study included a group of patients (n = 41) aged 18 to 75 years with a history of COVID-19-associated pneumonia confirmed by positive PCR test results, with persistent clinical manifestations of post-COVID syndrome 12 weeks after discharge from the hospital. At the stage of in-depth clinical examination, all patients underwent CT of the chest organs, which revealed areas of lung parenchyma consolidation larger than 1 cm in size, which could not be unambiguously differentiated between post-inflammatory and neoplastic changes according to native and contrast CT. Perfusion CT was performed using a low-dose protocol (100 kV, 200 mA) on a 128-slice GE Optima CT660 computed tomography scanner with intravenous administration of 50–60 ml of iodine-containing contrast at an injection rate of 4.0 ml/s. The slice thickness was 5 mm with a scanning duration of 45–50 s. Material and Methods. The retrospective cohort study included a group of patients (n = 41) aged 18 to 75 years with a history of COVID-19-associated pneumonia confirmed by positive PCR test results, who exhibited persistent clinical manifestations of postCOVID syndrome 12 weeks after hospital discharge. These patients underwent perfusion CT as a part of an in-depth clinical follow-up. All patients received a chest CT scan, which revealed areas of pulmonary parenchymal consolidation larger than 1 cm that could not be definitively differentiated between post-inflammatory and neoplastic changes based on native and contrast-enhanced CT findings. Perfusion CT was performed using a low-dose protocol (100 kV, 200 mA) on a 128-slice GE Optima CT 660 scanner with intravenous administration of an iodinated contrast agent (50–60 mL) at an injection rate of 4.0 mL/s. The slice thickness was 5 mm, and the scan duration was 45–50 seconds.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Statistically significant differences were found in vascular wall permeability and time to peak contrast enhancement between neoplastic and post-inflammatory consolidation areas: PS was 13.54 (5.71; 66.01) mL/100 g/min and TTP was 11.57 (7.19; 15.71) seconds for neoplastic lesions, compared to 5.30 (1.90; 10.63) mL/100 g/min and 32.55 (15.83; 38.28) seconds, respectively, for post-inflammatory lesions. Logistic regression analysis confirmed the high diagnostic efficacy of the model incorporating PS and TTP: the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 87.5%, sensitivity was 80%, and specificity was 81.3%. TTP demonstrated the greatest contribution to differentiating the lesions: p = 0.004; OR = 0.888; 95% CI OR (0.81989; 0.96254), while PS showed moderate significance: p = 0.075; OR = 1.057; 95% CI OR (0.99445; 1.12421).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Quantitative parameters of vascular permeability and time to peak contrast enhancement have significant, statistically reliable diagnostic value compared to other parameters such as blood flow rate, blood volume, and mean transit time of the contrast agent. These parameters can serve for the differential assessment of pulmonary consolidation characteristics.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>перфузионная компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>дифференциальная диагностика участков легочной консолидации</kwd><kwd>злокачественные образования легких</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>perfusion computed tomography</kwd><kwd>differential diagnosis of pulmonary consolidation areas</kwd><kwd>malignant lung lesions</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование выполнено без финансовой поддержки грантов, общественных, некоммерческих, коммерческих организаций и структур</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the study was conducted without financial support from grants, public, non-profit, or commercial organizations</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fabbri L., Moss S., Khan F.A., Chi W., Xia J., Robinson K. et al. 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