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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2713-2927</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-265X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>TSU publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29001/2073-8552-2025-40-3-178-187</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiotomsk-2832</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние оксида азота (II) на межклеточный матрикс легких в условиях искусственного кровообращения: экспериментальное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of nitric oxide (II) on the extracellular matrix of the lungs during cardiopulmonary bypass: an experimental study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7226-0328</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Геренг</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gereng</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Геренг Елена Андреевна - д-р мед. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры морфологии и общей патологии, СибГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Gereng - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Professor of the</p><p>Department of Morphology and General Pathology, SSMU.</p><p>2, Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e-gereng@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9764-4392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мильто</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milto</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мильто Иван Васильевич - д-р биол. наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой морфологии и общей патологии, СибГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Milto - Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Morphology and General Pathology, SSMU.</p><p>2, Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">milto_bio@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-0724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серебрякова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serebryakova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Серебрякова Ольга Николаевна - ассистент кафедры морфологии и общей патологии, СибГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga N. Serebryakova - Assistant, Department of Morphology and General Pathology, SSMU.</p><p>2, Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oserebryakovan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0795-0987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дзюман</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzuman</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дзюман Анна Николаевна - канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры морфологии и общей патологии, СибГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna N. Dzyuman - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Morphology and General Pathology, SSMU.</p><p>2, Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dzyman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4632-7396</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бянкина</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Byankina</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бянкина Мария Александровна - студент 6-го курса, медико-биологический факультет, СибГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Biankina - Sixth-year student, Faculty of Medicine and Biology, SSMU.</p><p>2, Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">byankina_masha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0468-3959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потапов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potapov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Потапов Алексей Валерьевич - д-р мед. наук, профессор, кафедра гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии, СибГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alex V. Potapov - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, SSMU.</p><p>2, Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">potalex@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4289-4439</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каменщиков</surname><given-names>Н. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamenshikov</surname><given-names>N. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каменщиков Николай Олегович - канд. мед. наук, заведующий лабораторией медицины критических состояний, НИИ кардиологии Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay O. Kamenshchikov - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Critical Condition Medicine, Cardiology Research Institute.</p><p>111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Nikolajkamenof@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0841-4673</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кравченко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kravchenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кравченко Игорь Валерьевич - младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория медицины критических состояний, НИИ кардиологии Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Kravchenko - Junior Research Scientist, Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Cardiology Research Institute.</p><p>111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kravchenko27.10.94@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8939-2340</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подоксенов</surname><given-names>Ю. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podoksenov</surname><given-names>Yu. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Подоксенов Юрий Кириллович - д-р мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, отделение сердечно-сосудистой хирургии; ведущий научный сотрудник, лаборатория медицины критических состояний, НИИ кардиологии Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri K. Podoksenov - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Scientist, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Senior Research Scientist, Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Cardiology Research Institute.</p><p>111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">uk@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6593-0976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алямкин</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alyamkin</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алямкин Вадим Евгеньевич - клинический ординатор, отделение сердечно-сосудистой хирургии, НИИ кардиологии Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim E. Alyamkin - Clinical Resident, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC.</p><p>111a, Kievskaya str., Tomsk, 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vea@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (СибГМУ Минздрава России)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (SSMU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт кардиологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук (НИИ кардиологии Томского НИМЦ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences (Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>40</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>178</fpage><lpage>187</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Геренг Е.А., Мильто И.В., Серебрякова О.Н., Дзюман А.Н., Бянкина М.А., Потапов А.В., Каменщиков Н.О., Кравченко И.В., Подоксенов Ю.К., Алямкин В.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Геренг Е.А., Мильто И.В., Серебрякова О.Н., Дзюман А.Н., Бянкина М.А., Потапов А.В., Каменщиков Н.О., Кравченко И.В., Подоксенов Ю.К., Алямкин В.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gereng E.A., Milto I.V., Serebryakova O.N., Dzuman A.N., Byankina M.A., Potapov A.V., Kamenshikov N.O., Kravchenko I.V., Podoksenov Y.K., Alyamkin V.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/2832">https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/2832</self-uri><abstract><p>Кардиохирургические операции с искусственным кровообращением приводят к существенным изменениям в морфофункциональном состоянии легких, что сопровождается формированием постперфузионного легочного синдрома. Реперфузия многократно усиливает повреждение легких за счет притока кислорода и ионов кальция, а также активированных контактом с материалом контура аппарата лейкоцитов и компонентов свертывающей системы крови. Клетки воспалительного инфильтрата повреждают матриксные белки, выделяя протеолитические ферменты, которые повреждают структуру коллагена и эластина и приводят к образованию их модифицированных форм с измененной пространственной организацией и механическими свойствами. Оксид азота (II) (NO) обладает потенциалом для воздействия на ключевые патогенетические механизмы ишемически-реперфузионного повреждения (ИРП). В условиях искусственного кровообращения (ИК) возникает дефицит эндогенного NO, поэтому периоперационная доставка экзогенного NO, вероятно, способна компенсировать его недостаток и ослаблять ИРП органов.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: охарактеризовать изменения, происходящие в межклеточном матриксе легких в условиях моделирования операций с ИК, оценить влияние периоперационной доставки NO на их выраженность.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Исследование выполняли на 6 самцах овцы домашней. Животным группы «ИК» (n = 3) проводили ИК и ИВЛ по стандартной методике. В группе «ИК + NO» (n = 3) овцы дополнительно получали NO (II) в дозе 80 ppm через модифицированные контуры аппаратов искусственной вентиляции легких (ИВЛ) и ИК на протяжении всего эксперимента. Длительность ИК составила 90 мин. Методом иммуногистохимии оценивали содержание в легких матриксных металлопротеиназ-2 и -9. Коллагеновые волокна выявляли с помощью окрашивания по Ван – Гизону и иммуногистохимической реакции на коллаген I типа.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В легких овец, получавших NO на фоне ИК, отмечали снижение интенсивности иммунного окрашивания на MMP-2 (p &lt; 0,001) и MMP-9 (p &lt; 0,001), более высокий удельный объем (p &lt; 0,001) и качественные характеристики коллагеновых волокон.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение NO при экспериментальном моделировании кардиохирургических вмешательств способствует ограничению повреждающего влияния ИК на межклеточный матрикс легких.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cardiac surgeries with cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP) lead to significant changes in the morphofunctional state of the lungs, accompanied by the formation of post-perfusion pulmonary syndrome. Reperfusion significantly increases lung damage due to the influx of oxygen and calcium ions, as well as leukocytes and blood clotting system components activated by contact with the apparatus circuit material. Cells of the inflammatory infiltrate damage matrix proteins by releasing proteolytic enzymes that damage the structure of collagen and elastin and lead to the formation of their modified forms with altered spatial organization and mechanical properties. Nitric oxide (II) (NO) has the potential to affect the key pathogenic mechanisms of ischemic-reperfusion damage. Under cardiopulmonary bypass, there is a deficiency of endogenous nitric oxide, so perioperative delivery of exogenous NO is likely to compensate for this deficiency.</p><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To characterize the changes occurring in the intercellular matrix of the lungs under the conditions of simulated surgeries with cardiopulmonary bypass and the effect of perioperative delivery of nitric oxide on their severity.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. The study was conducted on 6 male domestic sheep. The animals of the “CBP” group (n = 3) underwent CBP and mechanical ventilation (MV) according to the standard procedure. In the “CBP + NO” group (n = 3), sheep additionally received nitric oxide (II) at a dose of 80 ppm through modified circuits of ventilators and cardiopulmonary bypass throughout the experiment. The duration of cardiopulmonary bypass was 90 minutes. The content of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 in the lungs was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Collagen fibers were detected by Van – Gieson staining and an immunohistochemical reaction to type I collagen.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the lungs of sheep treated with nitric oxide on the background of cardiopulmonary bypass, a decrease in the intensity of immune staining for MMP-2 (p &lt; 0.001) and MMP-9 (p &lt; 0.001), higher specific volume (p &lt; 0.001) and qualitative characteristics of collagen fibers were noted.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of nitric oxide in experimental modeling of cardiac surgery helps to limit the damaging effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on the intercellular matrix of the lungs.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оксид азота</kwd><kwd>NO</kwd><kwd>искусственное кровообращение</kwd><kwd>ишемически-реперфузионное повреждение легких</kwd><kwd>матриксные металлопротеиназы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nitric oxide</kwd><kwd>NO</kwd><kwd>cardiopulmonary bypass</kwd><kwd>ischemic-reperfusion injury of the lungs</kwd><kwd>matrix metalloproteinases</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнялась в рамках финансирования лаборатории за 2024 г. (приказ № 76 от 08.02.24 г.), а также в составе государственного задания по фундаментальным научным исследованиям (тема № 122123000017-3)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the work was carried out as part of the financing of the laboratory for 2024 (Order No. 76 dated 08.02.24), as well as part of the state assignment for basic scientific research (topic No. 122123000017-3)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fischer M.O., Brotons F., Briant A.R., Suehiro K., Gozdzik W., Sponholz C. et al. Postoperative pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery: The VENICE International Cohort Study. J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. 2022;36(8):2344–2351. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2021.12.024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fischer M.O., Brotons F., Briant A.R., Suehiro K., Gozdzik W., Sponholz C. et al. 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