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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2713-2927</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-265X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>TSU publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29001/2073-8552-2025-40-4-61-70</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiotomsk-2910</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мультимаркерный подход к диагностике сердечной недостаточности с сохраненной фракцией выброса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A multimarker approach to the diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7443-2952</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Енина</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Enina</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Енина Татьяна Николаевна д-р мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, отделение артериальной гипертонии и коронарной недостаточности, Тюменский кардиологическоий научный центр Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>625026, Тюмень, ул. Мельникайте, 111</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana N. Enina - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Leading Research Scientist, Department of Arterial Hypertension and Coronary Insufficiency, Clinical Cardiology of Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, Tomsk NRMC.</p><p>625026, Tyumen, Melnikaite St., 111</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">enina@infarkta.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6251-4179</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петелина</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petelina</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петелина Татьяна Ивановна - д-р мед. наук, руководитель научно-клинического лабораторного центра, Тюменский кардиологический научный центр Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>625026, Тюмень, ул. Мельникайте, 111</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana I. Petelina - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of Scientific and Clinical Laboratory, Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, Tomsk NRMC.</p><p>625026, Tyumen, Melnikaite St., 111</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petelina@infarkta.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4325-2633</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широков</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirokov</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Широков Никита Евгеньевич - канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник, лаборатория инструментальной диагностики научного отдела инструментальных методов исследования, Тюменский кардиологический научный центр Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>625026, Тюмень, ул. Мельникайте, 111</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita E. Shirokov - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Research Scientist, Laboratory of Instrumental Diagnostics, Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, Tomsk NRMC.</p><p>625026, Tyumen, Melnikaite St., 111</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Shirokov.ne@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3675-1503</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбатенко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbatenko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горбатенко Елена Александровна - младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория инструментальной диагностики научного отдела инструментальных методов исследования, Тюменский кардиологический научный центр Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>625026, Тюмень, ул. Мельникайте, 111</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Gorbatenko - Research Scientist, Laboratory of Instrumental Diagnostics, Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, Tomsk NRMC.</p><p>625026, Tyumen, Melnikaite St., 111</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena@infarkta.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6108-811X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sueva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зуева Екатерина Владимировна - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинико-диагностических и молекулярно-генетических исследований научного отдела клинической кардиологии Тюменского кардиологического научного центра, Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>625026, Тюмень, ул. Мельникайте, 111</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina V. Zueva - Research Scientist, Laboratory of Clinical Diagnostic and Molecular Genetic Studies, Scientific Department of Clinical Cardiology, Tyumen Cardiology Research Centre, Tomsk NRMC.</p><p>625026, Tyumen, Melnikaite St., 111</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ZuevaEV@infarkta.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6220-433X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давидчук</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davidchuk</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Давидчук Анастасия Сергеевна - лаборант-исследователь, отделение артериальной гипертонии и коронарной недостаточности, Тюменский кардиологический научный центр Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>625026, Тюмень, ул. Мельникайте, 111</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia S. Davidchuk - Laboratory Research Assistant, Department of Arterial Hypertension and Coronary Insufficiency, Clinical Cardiology of Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, Tomsk NRMC.</p><p>625026, Tyumen, Melnikaite St., 111</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Davidchuk01@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3620-0659</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гапон</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gapon</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гапон Людмила Ивановна - д-р мед. наук, профессор, руководитель научного отдела клинической кардиологии, Тюменский кардиологический научный центр Томского НИМЦ.</p><p>625026, Тюмень, ул. Мельникайте, 111</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liydmila I. Gapon - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Arterial Hypertension and Coronary Insufficiency, Clinical Cardiology of Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, Tomsk NRMC.</p><p>625026, Tyumen, Melnikaite St., 111</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gapon@infarkta.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский кардиологический научный центр, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук (Тюменский кардиологический научный центр, Томский НИМЦ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, Tomsk NRMC)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>40</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Енина Т.Н., Петелина Т.И., Широков Н.Е., Горбатенко Е.А., Зуева Е.В., Давидчук А.С., Гапон Л.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Енина Т.Н., Петелина Т.И., Широков Н.Е., Горбатенко Е.А., Зуева Е.В., Давидчук А.С., Гапон Л.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Enina T.N., Petelina T.I., Shirokov N.E., Gorbatenko E.A., Sueva E.V., Davidchuk A.S., Gapon L.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/2910">https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/2910</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. На фоне неуклонного роста заболеваемости сердечной недостаточностью с сохраненной фракцией выброса (СНсФВ) весьма трудоемкая диагностика заболевания препятствует своевременному проведению лечебно-профилактических мероприятий, что обусловливает актуальность нашего исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить значимость биомаркеров, показателей миокардиальной деформации и диастолической функции (ДФ) в диагностике СНсФВ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. По результатам диастолического стресс-теста (ДСТ) 88 больных (65,9 ± 5,4 года; 47,7% мужчины) с ФВ левого желудочка (ЛЖ) ≥ 50% разделены на 2 группы: 1-я группа (n = 49) – с СН, 2-я группа (n = 39) – без СН. У всех больных были выполнены эхокардиография (ЭхоКГ) в покое и ДСТ, оценка деформации резервуарной фазы левого предсердия (ЛП, left atrial reservoir strain, LASr), индекса жесткости ЛП (left atrial stiffness index, LASI), показателя ДФ Е/e΄; изучены биомаркеры иммунного воспаления; нейрогуморальной (NT-proBNP) и симпатоадреналовой систем; фиброобразования; ростовые факторы; инсулинорезистентности (ИР): индекс триглицериды / глюкоза (ТиГ); функции почек; анемии, статуса железа (Fe) с оценкой процента насыщения трансферрина железом (%НТЖ); кортизола; прогестерона (ПГН). Для выявления предикторов СНсФВ построены модели однофакторной и многофакторной логистической регрессии. С помощью ROC-анализа выявлены точки отсечения показателей, оценено прогностическое и информационное качество построенных моделей СНсФВ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В 1-й группе преобладали женщины (63,3 vs 38,5%; р = 0,021), преимущественно со II функциональным классом (ФК СН) по Нью-Йоркской классификации (NYHA), с большим индексом массы тела (ИМТ) (32,4 ± 4,0 vs 29,9 ± 3,9 кг/м²; р = 0,003), частотой встречаемости ожирения (67,3 vs 43,6%; р = 0,025), дефицита железа (ДЖ) (43,9 vs 34,6%; р = 0,033), приема β-блокаторов (73,5 vs 51,3%; р = 0,032). При многофакторном анализе с СНсФВ были связаны: LASr: отношение шансов (ОШ) (95% доверительный интервал – ДИ) 0,722 (0,540–0,965) (р = 0,028) и Е/е΄ при ДСТ: ОШ (95% ДИ) 9,263 (1,912–44,885) (р = 0,006). В связи с недоступностью ДСТ в практическом здравоохранении в первую модель без ДСТ были включены: пол, ИМТ &gt; 30,4 кг/м², NT-proBNP &gt; 360 пг/мл, индекс объема ЛП &gt; 30 мл, Е/е΄ &gt; 9,8 в покое, LASr &lt; 26%, ТиГ &gt; 8,7 ед., взаимодействие %НТЖ &lt; 27,7%, ПГН &lt; 1,7 нмоль/л. Площадь под ROC-кривой (AUC) составила 0,879 (95% ДИ 0,806–0,951) и р &lt; 0,001, специфичность – 75,7%, чувствительность – 86,2%, общая прогностическая значимость – 79,5%. В связи с вторичностью процесса фиброобразования с развитием диастолической дисфункции (ДДФ) во вторую модель без ЭхоКГ были включены: пол, ИМТ &gt; 30,4 кг/м², NT-proBNP &gt; 360 пг/мл, кардиотрофин 1 &gt; 587,0 пг/мл, ТиГ &gt; 8,7 ед., %НТЖ &lt; 27,7%, ПГН &lt; 1,7 нмоль/л. AUC модели составила 0,830 (95% ДИ 0,734–0,927) и р &lt; 0,001, специфичность – 75,7%, чувствительность – 80,4%, общая прогностическая значимость – 78,3%.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Мультимаркерный анализ выявил диагностическую значимость при СНсФВ уровня ПГН менее 1,7 нмоль/л вследствие возрастной гормональной перестройки, уровня NT-proBNP более 360 пг/мл при нейгуморальной активации, процента насыщения трансферрина железом менее 27,7% в качестве маркера ДЖ, показателя ИР триглицериды / глюкоза более 8,7 ед. на фоне ожирения, показателя деформации резервуарной фазы ЛП (left atrial reservoir strain, LASr) менее 26%, индекса жесткости ЛП (left atrial stiffness index, LASI) более 0,38 ед., отношения Е/е΄ более 9,8 ед. в покое и более 12,1 ед. при ДСТ. Использование комплекса только лабораторных показателей с включением уже названных уровней ПГН, NT-proBNP, %НТЖ, ТиГ позволяет уточнить наличие заболевания или его высокий риск развития даже без проведения ЭхоКГ в покое и ДСТ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Against the background of a steady increase in the incidence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), the highly laborious diagnosis of the disease hinders the timely implementation of therapeutic and preventive measures, which determines the relevance of our study.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To evaluate the significance of biomarkers, indices of myocardial strain and diastolic function in the diagnosis of HFpEF.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. According to a diastolic stress test (DST), 88 patients (65.9±5.4 years; 47.7% men) with left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50% were divided into 2 groups: 1 (n = 49) – with HFpEF, 2 (n = 39) – without HFpEF. All patients underwent echocardiography (ECHOCG) at rest and DST, evaluation of left atrial reservoir strain (LASr), left atrial stiffness index (LASI), diastolic function index E/e΄; biomarkers of immune inflammation; neurohumoral (NT-proBNP) and sympathoadrenal systems; fibrosis; growth factors; insulin resistance were studied: triglycerides/glucose (TyG) index; renal function; anemia, iron (Fe) status with assessment of percentage of transferrin iron saturation (%TIS); cortisol; progesterone (PGN). Factors associated with HFpEF were identified using simple or multivariate logistic regression, and 2 mathematical models of the disease were created. ROC analysis was used to identify cut-off points for indicators and HFpEF models were estimated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In group 1, women predominated (63.3 vs 38.5%; p = 0.021), mainly with functional class II according to the New York classification, with a higher body mass index (BMI) (32.4 ± 4.0 vs 29.9 ± 3.9 kg/m²; p = 0.003), the incidence of obesity (67.3 vs 43.6%; p = 0.025), iron deficiency (43.9 vs 34.6%; p = 0.033) and the use of β-blockers (73.5 vs 51.3%; p = 0.032). In multivariate analysis, HFpEF was associated with LASr: OR (95% CI) 0.722 (0.540–0.965) (p = 0.028) and E/e΄ at DST: OR (95% CI) 9.263 (1.912–44.885) (p = 0.006). Due to the unavailability of DST in practical healthcare, the following were included in 1 model without DST: gender, BMI &gt; 30.4 kg/m², NT-proBNP &gt; 360 pg/ml, LA volume index &gt; 30 ml, E/e΄ &gt; 9.8 at rest, LASr &lt; 26%, TyG &gt; 8.7 units, %TIS interaction &lt; 27.7%, PGN &lt; 1.7 nmol/l. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.879 (95% CI 0.806–0.951) and p &lt; 0.001, specificity was 75.7%, sensitivity – 86.2% and the overall predictive value was 79.5%. Due to the secondary nature of the fibrotic process with the development of diastolic dysfunction, the following were included in model 2 without ECHOCG: gender, BMI &gt; 30.4 kg/m², NT-proBNP &gt;      360 pg/ml, cardiotrophin 1 &gt; 587.0 pg/ml, TyG &gt; 8.7 units, %TIS &lt; 27.7%, PGN &lt; 1.7 nmol/l. The AUC of the model was 0.830 (95% CI 0.734–0.927) and p &lt; 0.001, specificity – 75.7%, sensitivity – 80.4%, overall predictive value – 78.3%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Multimarker analysis revealed the diagnostic significance in HFpEF of a decrease in PGN level less than 1.7 nmol/l due to age-related hormonal remodeling, an increase in NT-proBNP level more than 360 pg/ml with neurohumoral activation, a decrease in transferrin iron saturation percentage less than 27.7% as a marker of iron deficiency, an increase in TyG insulin resistance index more than 8.7 units associated with obesity, LASr less than 26%, LASI more than 0.38 units, E/e΄ ratio more than 9.8 units at rest and more than 12.1 units during DST. Using a panel of laboratory markers including the previously mentioned levels of sST2, NT-proBNP, %LVAT, and hsTnT allows for a more precise assessment of the disease or its high risk of development, even without performing resting echocardiography or DST.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сердечная недостаточность с сохраненной фракцией выброса</kwd><kwd>диастолическая дисфункция</kwd><kwd>прогестерон</kwd><kwd>дефицит железа</kwd><kwd>N-концевой фрагмент натрийуретического пептида</kwd><kwd>инсулинорезистентность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heart failure with preserved ejection fraction</kwd><kwd>diastolic dysfunction</kwd><kwd>progesterone</kwd><kwd>iron deficiency</kwd><kwd>natriuretic peptide</kwd><kwd>insulin resistance</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование выполнено без финансовой поддержки грантов, общественных, некоммерческих, коммерческих организаций и структур</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the work was carried out without the use of grants or financial support from public, non-profit and commercial organizations</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vasan R.S., Xanthakis V., Lyass A., Andersson C., Tsao C., Cheng S. et al. 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