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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2713-2927</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-265X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>TSU publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29001/2073-8552-2025-40-4-201-209</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiotomsk-2925</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние преждевременного рождения на развитие внутрисердечных нервных волокон в постнатальном периоде онтогенеза: иммуногистохимическое исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The influence of preterm birth on the development of intracardiac nerve fibers in the postnatal ontogenesis: an immunohistochemical study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2530-1112</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванова Вера Владимировна - канд. биол. наук, доцент, кафедра морфологии и общей патологии, СибГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera V. Ivanova - Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Department of Morphology and General Pathology, SSMU.</p><p>2, Moskovskiy trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivvera92@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-0724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серебрякова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serebryakova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Серебрякова Ольга Николаевна - ассистент, кафедра морфологии и общей патологии, СибГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga N. Serebryakova - Assistant, Department of Morphology and General Pathology, SSMU.</p><p>2, Moskovskiy trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oserebryakovan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3109-1349</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерохина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erokhina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ерохина Александра Владимировна - лаборант-исследователь, кафедра морфологии и общей патологии, СибГМУ Минздрава России</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra V. Erokhina - Laboratory Assistant-Researcher, Department of Morphology and General Pathology, SSMU.</p><p>2, Moskovskiy trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shura.erokhina.23@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7297-5033</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никонова</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikonova</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никонова Анастасия Денисовна - лаборант-исследователь, кафедра морфологии и общей патологии, СибГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia D. Nikonova - Laboratory Assistant-Researcher, Department of Morphology and General Pathology, SSMU.</p><p>2, Moskovskiy trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nastya71103@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8401-7181</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горохова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorokhova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горохова Анна Владимировна - ассистент, кафедра морфологии и общей патологии СибГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Gorokhova - Assistant, Department of Morphology and General Pathology, SSMU.</p><p>2, Moskovskiy trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.gorokhova3062@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плешко</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pleshko</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Плешко Раиса Ивановна - д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры морфологии и общей патологии СибГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Raisa I. Pleshko - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Morphology and General Pathology, SSMU.</p><p>2, Moskovskiy trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">raisap57@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9764-4392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мильто</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milto</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мильто Иван Васильевич - д-р биол. наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой морфологии и общей патологии СибГМУ Минздрава России, Томск; заместитель директора по научной работе СБНЦ ФМБА.</p><p>636013, Северск, пер. Чекист, 7, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Milto - Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Head of Department of Morphology and General Pathology, SSMU, Tomsk; Deputy Director for Research, Seversk Biophysical Research Centre.</p><p>636013, Seversk, Chekist Lane, 7, building 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">milto_bio@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (СибГМУ Минздрава России)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (SSMU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северский биофизический научный центр Федерального медико-биологического агентства России (СБН Центр ФМБА России)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Seversk Biophysical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>40</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>201</fpage><lpage>209</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иванова В.В., Серебрякова О.Н., Ерохина А.В., Никонова А.Д., Горохова А.В., Плешко Р.И., Мильто И.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иванова В.В., Серебрякова О.Н., Ерохина А.В., Никонова А.Д., Горохова А.В., Плешко Р.И., Мильто И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanova V.V., Serebryakova O.N., Erokhina A.V., Nikonova A.D., Gorokhova A.V., Pleshko R.I., Milto I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/2925">https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/2925</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. На момент рождения иннервация сердца крыс не завершена: дифференцировка нейронов вегетативных ганглиев, рост аксонов, а также развитие оболочек нервных волокон продолжаются в постнатальном периоде онтогенеза (ППО). Недостаточно изучен вопрос о том, оказывает ли преждевременное рождение влияние на иннервацию сердца.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: иммуногистохимическое исследование нервных волокон сердца преждевременно рожденных крыс в ППО.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведено морфологическое исследование развития внутрисердечных нервных волокон в правом и левом желудочках, а также в межжелудочковой перегородке сердца у доношенных и недоношенных на 24 ч крыс линии Вистар на 7-е, 56-е и 180-е сут постнатального периода. Проведено иммуногистохимическое выявление PGP9.5 и тирозингидроксилазы. В динамике установлена относительная площадь нервных волокон (PGP9.5-позитивное окрашивание) и симпатических постганглионарных нервных волокон (тирозингидроксилаза-позитивное окрашивание), а также доля симпатических нервных волокон от общего их числа в желудочках и межжелудочковой перегородке сердца доношенных и недоношенных на 24 ч крыс.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Показано, что на 7-е сут ППО в желудочках и межжелудочковой перегородке сердца у недоношенных на 24 ч крыс относительная площадь нервных волокон снижена по сравнению с таковой у доношенных животных, отличия нивелируются к 56-м сут. Относительная площадь симпатических волокон в межжелудочковой перегородке недоношенных на 24 ч крыс на 7-е сут ППО ниже, на 56-е сут – выше, чем у доношенных животных. Относительная площадь симпатических волокон в правом желудочке сердца недоношенных на 24 ч крыс на всем протяжении эксперимента остается ниже, тогда как в левом желудочке она не отличается от параметров доношенных животных.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявлены структурные особенности развития внутрисердечных нервных волокон желудочков и межжелудочковой перегородки у недоношенных на 24 ч крыс в ППО, которые могут быть причиной нарушения вегетативной регуляции сердца.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Rationale</title><p>Rationale. At the time of birth, the innervation of the rat heart is not complete: differentiation of neurons of the autonomic ganglia, growth of axons, and development of nerve fibers sheaths continue in the postnatal period of ontogenesis. Whether preterm birth affects the innervation of the heart has not been sufficiently studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To perform immunohistochemical study of cardiac nerve fibers of preterm rats in the postnatal period of ontogenesis.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. A morphological study of the development of intracardiac nerve fibers in the right and left ventricles, as well as the interventricular septum of the heart in full-term and 24-hour preterm Wistar rats on the 7th, 56th and 180th days of the postnatal period of ontogenesis was carried out. Immunohistochemical detection of PGP9.5 and tyrosine hydroxylase was carried out. The relative area of nerve fibers (PGP9.5-positive staining) and sympathetic postganglionic nerve fibers (tyrosine hydroxylase-positive staining) was determined dynamically, as well as the proportion of sympathetic nerve fibers from nerve fibers total number in the wall of the right and left ventricles, as well as the interventricular septum of the heart of full-term and 24-hour preterm rats.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It has been shown that on the 7th day of the postnatal period of ontogenesis in the right, left ventricle and interventricular septum of the heart in 24-hour preterm rats, the relative area of nerve fibers is reduced, compared with that in full-term animals, the differences are leveled out by the 56th day. The relative area of sympathetic postganglionic nerve fibers in the interventricular septum of 24-hour preterm rats on the 7th day of the postnatal period of ontogenesis remains lower, on the 56th day – is higher than in fullterm animals. The relative area of sympathetic postganglionic nerve fibers in the right ventricle of the heart of 24-hour preterm rats throughout the experiment remains lower, while in the left ventricle – does not differ from the parameters of full-term animals.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. There were revealed structural features of the development of intracardiac nerve fibers of the right and left ventricles of the heart, as well as the interventricular septum in 24-hour preterm rats in the postnatal period of ontogenesis, which may be the cause of a violation of the autonomic regulation of the heart.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>преждевременное рождение</kwd><kwd>вегетативная нервная система</kwd><kwd>сердце</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>внутрисердечные нервные волокна</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>preterm birth</kwd><kwd>autonomic nervous system</kwd><kwd>heart</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>intracardiac nerve fibers</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена при поддержке Российского научного фонда (проект № 24-25-00015)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 24-25-00015)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чумасов Е.И., Евлахов В.И., Коржевский Д.Э. 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