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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2713-2927</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-265X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>TSU publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29001/2073-8552-2026-41-2-160-166</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiotomsk-3181</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ госпитальных осложнений у пациентов с разным статусом курения после открытой реваскуляризации миокарда</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of in-hospital complications in patients with different smoking status after open myocardial revascularization</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2778-6926</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нахратова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nakhratova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нахратова Ольга Владимировна - младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория эпидемиологии сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, НИИ КПССЗ.</p><p>650002, Кемерово, бульвар имени академика Л.С. Барбараша, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Nakhratova - Junior Research Scientist, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases.</p><p>650002, Kemerovo, Boulevard named after Academician L.S. Barbarash, 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nahrov@kemcardio.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3023-6239</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баздырев</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazdyrev</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баздырев Евгений Дмитриевич - д-р мед. наук, заведующий лабораторией эпидемиологии сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, НИИ КПССЗ.</p><p>650002, Кемерово, бульвар имени академика Л.С. Барбараша, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eugene D. Bazdyrev - Head of the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology, Federal State Budgetary Institute for Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases.</p><p>650002, Kemerovo, Boulevard named after Academician L.S. Barbarash, 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bazded@kemcardio.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (НИИ КПССЗ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>41</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>160</fpage><lpage>166</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нахратова О.В., Баздырев Е.Д., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нахратова О.В., Баздырев Е.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nakhratova O.V., Bazdyrev E.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/3181">https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/3181</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В структуре болезней системы кровообращения ишемическая болезнь сердца (ИБС) является наиболее значимым заболеванием сердечно-сосудистой системы и одной из основных причин смертности. Коронарное шунтирование (КШ) – основной метод хирургического лечения при многососудистом поражении коронарного русла. Развитие осложнений в раннем послеоперационном периоде у кардиохирургических больных может быть связано с курением.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить риск и частоту госпитальных осложнений у пациентов, подвергшихся открытой реваскуляризации, с учетом статуса курения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включен 381 пациент, которые подверглись коронарному шунтированию (КШ). С учетом статуса курения были сформированы три группы. В первую группу вошли 178 (46,7%) пациентов когда-либо куривших (107 (60,1%) из них курят в настоящее время, 71 (39,9%) – курили ранее). Вторая группа включала 203 (53,3%) пациента, которые никогда не курили. Группы были сопоставимы по основным клинико-анамнестическим данным и степени поражения коронарного русла.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Анализ периоперационного периода показал, что медиана времени искусственной вентиляции легких (ИВЛ) у когда-либо куривших пациентов была больше на 112 мин (р = 0,01), чем у никогда не куривших лиц. В раннем послеоперационном периоде у когда-либо куривших лиц выявлена в 1,5 раза большая суммарная частота осложнений (40,4 против 26,6%, р ˂ 0,001), в 2,5 раза большая частота развития инфекционных осложнений, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи (16,3 против 6,4%, р ˂ 0,001), за счет большего количества развившихся инфекций в области хирургического вмешательства (14 против 2,5%, р ˂ 0,001) и большая частота геморрагических осложнений (6,7 против 0,9%, р ˂ 0,001) в отличие от некурящих. При этом среди никогда не куривших лиц статистически значимо выше была частота развития инфекций нижних дыхательных путей и гидроторакса (3,4 против 0,6%, р = 0,05 и 5,4 против 0,6%, р = 0,01 соответственно). Курение было ассоциировано с увеличением в 1,9 раза шансов развития инсульта (OR 1,9; 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ): 1,4–8,2; р = 0,037), в 1,4 раза – инфекционных осложнений, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи (OR 1,4; 95% ДИ: 1,5–8,1; р = 0,043), и всех вариантов осложнений (OR 1,4; 95% ДИ: 1,1–3,4; р = 0,044).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Курение является фактором неблагоприятного прогноза раннего послеоперационного периода у пациентов, подвергшихся открытой реваскуляризации миокарда. Когда-либо курящие пациенты со стабильной ИБС демонстрируют худший профиль в развитии послеоперационных осложнений. Курение в прошлом или в настоящем времени ассоциировано с риском развития инсульта, инфекционных осложнений, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи, и с суммарным количеством развившихся осложнений.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Among circulatory system diseases (CSD), coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most significant one and remains one of the leading causes of death. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the primary method of treatment for multivessel coronary artery disease. Complications in the postoperative period in cardiac patients could be associated with smoking.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To evaluate the risk and incidence of in-hospital complications in patients undergoing open revascularization based on their smoking status.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. The study included 381 patients who underwent CABG. Based on smoking status, patients were divided into three groups. The first group included 178 (46.7%) patients who have ever smoked (107 (60.1%) current smokers and 71 (39.1%) former smokers). The second group included 203 (53.3%) patients who had never smoked. The groups were comparable in terms of main clinical and anamnestic data and the severity of coronary bed lesion.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Analysis of the perioperative period showed that the median duration of mechanical ventilation was longer by 112 minutes (p = 0.01) in ever-smokers compared to never-smokers. In the early postoperative period, ever-smokers demonstrated a 1.5 times higher total complication rate (40.4% vs. 26.6%, p &lt; 0.001), a 2.5 times higher rate of healthcare-associated infections (16.3% vs. 6.4%, p &lt; 0.001)—primarily due to a greater number of surgical site infections (14% vs. 2.5%, p &lt; 0.001)—and a higher rate of hemorrhagic complications (6.7% vs. 0.9%, p &lt; 0.001) compared to non-smokers. Conversely, never-smokers had a statistically significantly higher incidence of lower respiratory tract infections and hydrothorax (3.4% vs. 0.6%, p = 0.05 and 5.4% vs. 0.6%, p = 0.01, respectively). Smoking was associated with a 1.9-fold increased odds of stroke (OR 1.9; 95% CI: 1.4–8.2; p = 0.037), a 1.4-fold increase in healthcare-associated infections (OR 1.4; 95% CI: 1.5–8.1; p = 0.043), and all types of complications (OR 1.4; 95% CI: 1.1–3.4; p = 0.044).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Smoking is an adverse prognostic factor for the early postoperative period in patients undergoing open myocardial revascularization. Ever-smokers with stable IHD demonstrate a worse profile of postoperative complications. Both past and present smoking are associated with an increased risk of stroke, healthcare-associated infections, and the total number of developed complications.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ишемическая болезнь сердца</kwd><kwd>курение</kwd><kwd>реваскуляризация миокарда</kwd><kwd>коронарное шунтирование</kwd><kwd>послеоперационные осложнения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coronary artery disease</kwd><kwd>smoking</kwd><kwd>myocardial revascularization</kwd><kwd>coronary artery bypass grafting</kwd><kwd>postoperative complications</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках фундаментальной темы НИИ КПССЗ 0419-2022-0002 «Разработка инновационных моделей управления риском развития болезней системы кровообращения с учетом коморбидности на основе изучения фундаментальных, клинических, эпидемиологических механизмов и организационных технологий медицинской помощи в условиях промышленного региона Сибири».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the framework of the fundamental research topic of the Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases No. 0419-2022-0002 entitled “Development of innovative models for management of cardiovascular disease risk factors and comorbidities based on the study of fundamental, clinical, and epidemiological mechanisms and healthcare management techniques in the industrial region of Siberia”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бокерия Л.А., Милиевская Е.Б., Прянишников В.В., Юрлов И.А. 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