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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardiotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2713-2927</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-265X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>TSU publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29001/2073-8552-2026-41-3-74-80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardiotomsk-3274</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Иммунологические особенности фенотипов гиперурикемии и подагры</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Immunological features of hyperuricemia and gout phenotypes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1191-5831</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елисеев</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eliseev</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елисеев Максим Сергеевич - канд. мед. наук, заведующий лабораторией микрокристаллических артритов, ФГБНУ НИИР им. В.А. Насоновой.</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim S. Eliseev - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of Laboratory of Microcrystalline Arthritis, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology.</p><p>34a, Karshirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elicmax@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-7597</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чикина</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chikina</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чикина Мария Николаевна - канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник, лаборатория микрокристаллических артритов, ФГБНУ НИИР им. В.А. Насоновой.</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria N. Chikina - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Research Scientist, Laboratory of Microcrystalline Arthritis, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology.</p><p>34a, Karshirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maria.sorokvasha@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6138-9736</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>Я. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmina</surname><given-names>Ya. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузьмина Янина Игоревна - младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория микрокристаллических артритов, ФГБНУ НИИР им. В.А. Насоновой.</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yаnina I. Kuzmina - Junior Research Scientist, Laboratory of Microcrystalline Arthritis, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology.</p><p>34a, Karshirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jakuzma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4285-0869</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глухова</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glukhova</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Глухова Светлана Ивановна - канд. физ.-мат. наук, старший научный сотрудник, отдел координации научной деятельности, ФГБНУ НИИР им. В.А. Насоновой.</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana I. Glukhova - Cand. Sci., Senior Research Scientist, Department of Scientific Activity Coordination, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology.</p><p>34a, Karshirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sveglukhova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии имени В.А. Насоновой» (ФГБНУ НИИР им. В.А. Насоновой)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology (V.A. Nasonova NIIR)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>41</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Елисеев М.С., Чикина М.Н., Кузьмина Я.И., Глухова С.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Елисеев М.С., Чикина М.Н., Кузьмина Я.И., Глухова С.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eliseev M.S., Chikina M.N., Kuzmina Y.I., Glukhova S.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/3274">https://www.sibjcem.ru/jour/article/view/3274</self-uri><abstract><p>Современная фенотипическая классификация гиперурикемии (ГУ) и подагры основана на наличии/отсутствии у лиц с повышенным уровнем мочевой кислоты (МК) кристаллов моноурата натрия (МУН), клинических признаков подагры и тофусов. Существует гипотеза, что выраженность субклинического воспаления для разных фенотипов ГУ и подагры может отличаться.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: проверка гипотезы о нарастании интенсивности системного воспаления по мере прогрессирования ГУ у пациентов в рамках предложенной фенотипической классификации.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Обследованы 220 пациентов с ГУ (МК &gt; 360 мкмоль/л) старше 18 лет, которые были разделены на фенотипы: бессимптомная ГУ (БГУ); БГУ с кристаллами МУН (БГУ+кристаллы) (верифицированы при ультразвуковом исследовании (УЗИ) или анализе синовиальной жидкости); интермиттирующая подагра (П); тофусная подагра (П+тофусы). Сравнительная характеристика групп включала оценку частоты сопутствующих заболеваний, обменных нарушений, основных лабораторных параметров.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По результатам фенотипирования группа пациентов с БГУ составила 40 (18,2%), БГУ+кристаллы – 26 (11,8%), П – 111 (50,5%), П+тофусы – 43 (19,5%) человека. Возраст в группах был сопоставим (p = 0,5). Выявлено нарастание частоты артериальной гипертензии (АГ) и нефролитиаза в ряду БГУ – БГУ+кристаллы – П – П+тофусы (p = 0,0006 и p = 0,00006 соответственно). Отмечалось статистически значимое последовательное нарастание медианы показателя ИЛ-6 в группах от БГУ до П+тофусы (p = 0,0001). Также у пациентов с БГУ без кристаллов МУН медиана сывороточного уровня ИЛ-18 была меньше таковой в группе П+тофусы (p = 0,01). Уровень высокочувствительного С-реактивного белка (вчСРБ) статистически значимо различался у пациентов с БГУ в сравнении с пациентами с П и П+тофусы (p = 0,04 в обоих случаях). Корреляционный анализ выявил слабую положительную связь между уровнями МК и ИЛ-6 (r = 0,14; p &lt; 0,05) и уровнями МК и вчСРБ (r = 0,26; p &lt; 0,05) в общей группе (n = 220). Слабая корреляция между уровнями ИЛ-6 и МК сохранялась и внутри каждой из групп (p &lt; 0,05 во всех случаях). Также была установлена умеренная положительная корреляция между уровнями МК и ИЛ-8 (r = 0,36; p &lt; 0,05) у пациентов в группе БГУ (n = 40).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Выраженность хронического воспаления при ГУ связана с уровнем МК в сыворотке крови и наличием кристаллов МУН и нарастает по ходу прогрессии от БГУ до хронической тофусной подагры.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Current phenotypic classification of hyperuricemia (HU) and gout is based on the presence/absence of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals, clinical signs of gout, and tophi in individuals with elevated uric acid (UA) levels. It is hypothesized that the severity of subclinical inflammation may differ for HU and gout phenotypes.</p><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To test the hypothesis of increasing systemic inflammation intensity with HU progresses in patients within the proposed phenotypic classification.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. 220 patients with HU (UA &gt; 360 μmol/L) over 18 years of age were examined and divided into the following phenotypes: asymptomatic HU (AHU); AHU with MSU crystals (verified by ultrasound or synovial fluid analysis) (AHU+crystals); intermittent gout (G); tophaceous gout (G+tophi). Comparative characteristics of the groups included an assessment of the frequency of comorbidities, metabolic disorders, and the main laboratory parameters.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. According to phenotyping results, the group of patients with AHU consisted of 40 people (18.2%), AHU+crystals – 26 (11.8%), G – 111 (50.5%), G+tophi – 43 (19.5%). The age in the groups was comparable (p = 0.5). An increase in the incidence of arterial hypertension and nephrolithiasis was revealed in the series AHU – AHU+crystals – G – G+tophi (p = 0.0006 and p = 0.00006, respectively). There was a statistically significant sequential increase in the median value of IL-6 in the groups from AHU to G+tophi (p = 0.0001). Also, in patients with AHU without MSU crystals, the average serum level of IL-18 was lower than that in the G+tophi group (p = 0.01). The level of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) was statistically significantly different in patients with AHU compared to patients with G and G+ tophi (p = 0.04 in both cases). Correlation analysis revealed a weak positive association between UA and IL-6 levels (r = 0.14, p &lt; 0.05) and UA and hsCRP levels (r = 0.26, p &lt; 0.05) in the general group (n = 220). A weak correlation between IL-6 and UA levels was also observed within each group (p &lt; 0.05 in all cases). A moderate positive correlation was also found between UA and IL-8 levels (r = 0.36, p &lt; 0.05) in patients in the AHU group (n = 40).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The severity of chronic inflammation in HU is associated with the level of serum UA in the blood and the presence of MSU crystals, and increases during the progression from AHU to chronic tophaceous gout.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мочевая кислота</kwd><kwd>гиперурикемия</kwd><kwd>подагра</kwd><kwd>иммунология</kwd><kwd>интерлейкины</kwd><kwd>С-реактивный белок</kwd><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>нефролитиаз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>uric acid</kwd><kwd>hyperuricemia</kwd><kwd>gout</kwd><kwd>immunology</kwd><kwd>interleukins</kwd><kwd>C-reactive protein</kwd><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>nephrolithiasis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках фундаментальной научной темы «Разработка подходов к фенотипированию аутовоспалительных дегенеративных ревматических заболеваний на основе сравнительного изучения биохимических, иммунологических и генетических факторов, связанных с состоянием костной, хрящевой, мышечной и жировой тканей» № 125020501433–4.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out by the study “Development of approaches to phenotyping autoinflammatory degenerative rheumatic diseases based on a comparative study of biochemical, immunological and genetic factors associated with the state of bone, cartilage, muscle and adipose tissue” No. 125020501433–4.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borghi C., Fogacci F., Cicero A.F. 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