Protein and lipid oxidative stress in different phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with and without cardiorespiratory comorbidity

Introduction. Interest in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is due to the presumed close pathophysiological connection between the two nosologies, which induces indepth studies of these connections in this comorbid group of patients.

Aim: To study the levels of oxidative stress markers and antioxidant defense in patients with COPD depending on its phenotype in conditions of cardiorespiratory comorbidity and in its absence.

Material and Methods. Examined 104 patients with COPD, 195 patients with myocardial infarction (MI) in combination with COPD, as well as 110 somatically healthy individuals who formed a control group. All patients with COPD were divided into three subgroups depending on the phenotype of the disease (emphysematous, bronchitis, mixed).

Results. According to the results of the study it was found that the levels of markers of lipid and protein peroxidation were higher and the levels of markers of antioxidant defense were lower compared to somatically healthy individuals both in the group of patients with COPD and in the group of patients with MI on COPD background, which confirmed the increase of protein and lipid peroxidation in both nosologies. The most pronounced imbalance of proand antioxidants was observed in the group of patients with MI on COPD background, which indicates more pronounced oxidative stress in conditions of cardiorespiratory comorbidity. It was also determined that in both groups the processes of protein and lipid peroxidation in bronchitic and mixed phenotypes of COPD are more intense than in emphysematous phenotype. The data on connections of different closeness between indices of peroxidation products, as well as markers of antioxidant defense and anamnestic and functional characteristics of COPD in both groups were obtained.

Conclusion. Intensification of protein and lipid peroxidation processes in bronchitic and mixed phenotypes of COPD regardless of the presence of cardiorespiratory comorbidity allows us to say that these phenotypes are more unfavorable in prognostic plan in comparison with emphysematous phenotype.

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