Значение фактора роста фибробластов 21 в норме и патологии

В статье приведены современные представления о роли фактора роста фибробластов 21 (FGF21) как у лабораторных животных, так и у людей в регуляции углеводного и липидного обмена, а также его вкладе в развитие системного воспаления при ревматоидном артрите (РА). Рассмотрена классификация семейства факторов роста фибробластов, регуляция экспрессии и рецепторный аппарат. Отмечены положительные эффекты FGF21 в виде нормализации углеводного и липидного обмена, массы тела. Приведены факты о применении препаратов аналогов FGF21 в качестве терапевтического средства для лечения метаболических осложнений, таких как диабет и жировая болезнь печени. В то же время приведены данные о связи повышенного уровня FGF21 в сыворотке крови с целым рядом патологических состояний, таких как сахарный диабет 2-го типа, ишемическая болезнь сердца, ожирение, неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени, терминальная стадия почечной недостаточности. Рассмотрены литературные данные о противоречивой роли FGF21 на фоне системного воспаления у пациентов с РА. С одной стороны, FGF21 может оказывать протективный эффект у пациентов с РА, с другой стороны, сывороточный FGF21 может рассматриваться как предиктор будущего снижения функционального состояния и потенциальный маркер прогрессирования системного воспаления у пациентов с РА. Дана оценка перспектив использования FGF21 в терапевтических целях.

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