Clinical significance of intracardiac anatomical variations structures and minor anomalies (literature review)

Eu. L. Trisvetova

doi:10.29001/2073-8552-2026-41-1-30-39

Clinical significance of intracardiac anatomical variations structures and minor anomalies (literature review)

Eu. L. Trisvetova

https://doi.org/10.29001/2073-8552-2026-41-1-30-39

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Abstract

Wide application of intravital methods of visualization of internal cardiac structures in clinical practice allows identifying anatomical features of the organ structure and pathological intracardiac formations. Due to heterogeneity and variability of intracardiac formations found in a normal heart, difficulties arise in differential diagnostics with pathological formations (thrombus, tumor) and decision on further tactics. Normal intracardiac structures are usually not accompanied by pathological clinical manifestations, they are discovered during life by chance or during autopsy, however, occasionally their topographic and morphological variants cause cardiac arrhythmias or thromboembolism. To prevent false diagnoses in the development of pathological symptoms, other structural heart diseases (ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, etc.) are excluded. The main available method for studying intracardiac structures and minor cardiac anomalies is transthoracic echocardiography, the results of which are supplemented by transesophageal examination, if necessary – computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. In case of arrhythmic syndrome, an electrophysiological study is performed to establish the causes of arrhythmia. Multimodal visualization using modern research methods, electrophysiological study and knowledge of the topography of anatomical variants of internal structures and minor anomalies of the heart will allow timely differential diagnostics and planning of further treatment or observation tactics.

Keywords

intracardiac anatomical structures, minor anomalies of the heart, diagnostics, visualization methods of cardiac examination

About the Author

Eu. L. Trisvetova

Belarusian State Medical University (UO BSMU)
Belarus

Evgeniya L. Trisvetova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology and Rheumatology with a Course of Advanced Training and Retraining, Educational Institution “BSMU”.

83, Dzerzhinsky Ave., Minsk, 220083

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Review

For citations:

Trisvetova E.L. Clinical significance of intracardiac anatomical variations structures and minor anomalies (literature review). Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. 2026;41(1):30-39. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.29001/2073-8552-2026-41-1-30-39

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